Kao J T, Pink M, Jobe F W, Perry J
Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic, Centinela Hospital Medical Center, Inglewood, California.
Am J Sports Med. 1995 Jan-Feb;23(1):19-23. doi: 10.1177/036354659502300104.
To describe the role of the scapular muscles in the golf swing, we studied 15 competitive male golfers. Four muscles were studied bilaterally using dynamic electromyography and cinematography. In the trailing arm, the levator scapulae elevates while the rhomboid muscles retract the scapula during takeaway; both then stabilize the scapula through the remainder of the swing. In the leading arm, these muscles retract the scapula during forward swing and acceleration. The trapezius muscle in the trailing arm also demonstrates high activity during takeaway to aid in scapular retraction. In the leading arm, trapezius activity is high in forward swing and through the remainder of the swing to promote scapular retraction. The serratus anterior muscle activity is high in the trailing arm during forward swing and through the remainder of the swing to maximize scapular protraction. In the leading arm, the serratus anterior muscle has constant activity through all phases of the swing, which may explain the clinical scenario of muscle fatigue in high demand golfers. The golf swing and uncoiling action requires that the scapular muscles work in synchrony to maximize swing arc and clubhead speed. This study demonstrates the importance of the scapular muscles in the golf swing and the need for specific strengthening exercises.
为描述肩胛部肌肉在高尔夫挥杆动作中的作用，我们对15名男性职业高尔夫球手进行了研究。使用动态肌电图和摄像技术对四块肌肉进行了双侧研究。在后摆臂时，提肩胛肌上提，而菱形肌在引杆时使肩胛骨后缩；然后两者在整个挥杆动作的剩余阶段稳定肩胛骨。在前摆臂时，这些肌肉在前挥和加速过程中使肩胛骨后缩。后摆臂中的斜方肌在引杆时也表现出高活性，以协助肩胛骨后缩。在前摆臂时，斜方肌在前挥及整个挥杆动作的剩余阶段活性较高，以促进肩胛骨后缩。前锯肌在后摆臂的前挥及整个挥杆动作的剩余阶段活性较高，以使肩胛骨前伸最大化。在前摆臂时，前锯肌在挥杆的所有阶段都有持续的活性，这可能解释了对高尔夫球手需求较高时出现肌肉疲劳的临床情况。高尔夫挥杆和转体动作要求肩胛部肌肉协同工作，以使挥杆弧度和杆头速度最大化。本研究证明了肩胛部肌肉在高尔夫挥杆动作中的重要性以及进行特定强化训练的必要性。
