Honkasalo M L, Kaprio J, Winter T, Heikkilä K, Sillanpää M, Koskenvuo M
University of Helsinki, Department of Public Health, Finland.
Headache. 1995 Feb;35(2):70-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.1995.hed3502070.x.
We studied the inheritance of migraine and concomitant symptoms among 2690 monozygotic (1524 female and 1166 male) pairs and 5497 dizygotic (2951 female and 2546 male) twin pairs. Our material consists of a population-based questionnaire study among Finnish twins in 1981. The definition of migraine is based on a questionnaire method. Concordance was assessed using probandwise concordance rates and tetrachoric correlations for monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs. For estimating the contribution of genetic factors to the susceptibility of migraine, a polygenic multifactorial model was used. Structural equation models were applied for estimating variance components and to compare different genetic models. Nearly one-half (40% to 50%) of the liability to migraine is attributable to genetic factors. In all structural analyses, the model with both additive genetic and unshared environmental component had the best goodness-of-fit value. The genetic component varied between 34% to 51% in different migraine types. There were no remarkable differences between sexes except in the effects due to dominance, where the proportion was 26% for men and 14% for women. Concomitant symptoms among subjects within pairs concordant for headache had genetic effects varying from 56% (subjects with unilaterality) and 56% (subjects with visual symptoms) to 45% (persons with nausea and vomiting). The two threshold model of headache points to the continuum model of headache, and the thresholds represent different levels of severity of the pain. Our results emphasize a multifactorial and higher than previously reported genetic pattern in the etiology of migraine. Also unshared environmental factors play an important role.
我们研究了2690对同卵双胞胎（1524名女性和1166名男性）以及5497对异卵双胞胎（2951名女性和2546名男性）中偏头痛及伴随症状的遗传情况。我们的研究材料来自1981年对芬兰双胞胎进行的一项基于人群的问卷调查。偏头痛的定义基于问卷调查法。使用先证者一致率和单卵（MZ）及双卵（DZ）双胞胎对的四分相关系数评估一致性。为了估计遗传因素对偏头痛易感性的贡献，使用了多基因多因素模型。应用结构方程模型估计方差成分并比较不同的遗传模型。偏头痛易感性的近一半（40%至50%）可归因于遗传因素。在所有结构分析中，具有加性遗传和非共享环境成分的模型具有最佳的拟合优度值。不同偏头痛类型的遗传成分在34%至51%之间变化。除了显性效应外，性别之间没有显著差异，其中男性的比例为26%，女性为14%。头痛症状一致的双胞胎对中，伴随症状的遗传效应从56%（单侧头痛者）和56%（有视觉症状者）到45%（有恶心和呕吐者）不等。头痛的双阈值模型指向头痛的连续体模型，阈值代表疼痛的不同严重程度水平。我们的结果强调了偏头痛病因中多因素且高于先前报道的遗传模式。非共享环境因素也起着重要作用。
