Dehaene S, Akhavein R
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1995 Mar;21(2):314-26. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.21.2.314.
Participants performed same-different judgments for pairs of numerals in 2 conditions: numerical matching (responding "same" to pairs such as 2-TWO), or physical matching (responding "different" to pairs such as 2-TWO). In most cases, a distance effect was obtained, with the different responses being slower when the 2 numbers were numerically close together (e.g., 1-2) than when they were further apart (e.g., 1-8). This indicates that numbers were automatically converted mentally into quantities, even when the participants had been told to attend exclusively to their physical characteristics. As postulated by several models of number processing, (e.g., Dehaene, 1992; McCloskey, 1992) Arabic and verbal numerals thus appear to converge toward a common semantic representation of quantities. However, the present results suggest that an asemantic transcoding route might allow for a direct mapping of Arabic and verbal numbers, perhaps by means of a common phonological representation.
参与者在两种条件下对数字对进行相同-不同判断：数字匹配（对2-TWO这样的数字对回答“相同”）或物理匹配（对2-TWO这样的数字对回答“不同”）。在大多数情况下，获得了距离效应，即当两个数字在数值上接近时（例如1-2），不同的反应比它们距离更远时（例如1-8）更慢。这表明，即使参与者被告知只关注数字的物理特征，数字也会在心理上自动转换为数量。正如几种数字处理模型所假设的那样（例如，德阿纳，1992；麦克洛斯基，1992），阿拉伯数字和文字数字因此似乎趋向于数量的共同语义表征。然而，目前的结果表明，一种非语义转码途径可能允许阿拉伯数字和文字数字的直接映射，也许是通过共同的语音表征。
