Damian Markus F
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, 8 Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1TN, England.
Mem Cognit. 2004 Jan;32(1):164-71. doi: 10.3758/bf03195829.
Numbers can be represented as Arabic digits ("6") or as number words ("six"). The present study investigated potential processing differences between the two notational formats. In view of the previous finding (e.g., Potter & Faulconer, 1975) that objects are named slower, but semantically categorized faster, than corresponding words, it was investigated whether a similar interaction between stimulus format and task could be obtained with numbers. Experiment 1 established that number words were named faster than corresponding digits, but only if the two notation formats were presented in separate experimental blocks. Experiment 2 contrasted naming with a numerical magnitude judgment task and demonstrated an interaction between notation and task, with slower naming but faster magnitude judgment latencies for digits than for number words. These findings suggest that processing of the two notation formats is asymmetric, with digits gaining rapid access to numerical magnitude representations, but slower access to lexical codes, and the reverse for number words.
数字可以用阿拉伯数字（“6”）表示，也可以用数字单词（“six”）表示。本研究调查了这两种表示形式之间潜在的处理差异。鉴于之前的研究发现（例如，Potter和Faulconer，1975），即物体的命名速度比相应的单词慢，但语义分类速度比相应的单词快，本研究调查了数字是否也能得到类似的刺激形式与任务之间的交互作用。实验1证实，只有当两种表示形式在不同的实验块中呈现时，数字单词的命名速度才比相应的数字快。实验2将命名与数值大小判断任务进行了对比，结果表明表示形式与任务之间存在交互作用，数字的命名潜伏期比数字单词长，但数值大小判断潜伏期比数字单词短。这些发现表明，两种表示形式的处理是不对称的，数字能快速获取数值大小表征，但获取词汇代码的速度较慢，而数字单词则相反。
