Fujita T
Calcium Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.
Adv Nutr Res. 1994;9:89-99. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-9092-4_5.
Hip fracture incidence seems to be lower in Japan than in many Western countries, but the difference is apparently becoming smaller with progressive Westernization of the Japanese lifestyle and nutritional habits. Nutrition cannot explain the lower incidence of hip fracture. A lower calcium intake prevails in Japan. Genetic differences in body build, including a lower center of gravity, better motor function and agility, well developed hip musculature and small but more fracture-resistant bones secondary to a difference in life- and work-style may contribute to fewer falls and a lower fracture rate among Japanese than among their Western counterparts. Such traditional lifestyle habits as sitting directly on the floor are rapidly decreasing, and time will tell how much of the low incidence of hip fracture in Japan can be explained by lifestyle and how much by genetic and other factors. The Japanese women who now enjoy a low hip fracture incidence led a hard physical life when they were young. This may be a lesson to the young of future generations in how to avoid bone fractures when they are old. Bone health may be achieved by enjoying life through sports or even the tea ceremony in place of the hard physical work of their ancestors, which is gradually disappearing.
日本的髋部骨折发生率似乎低于许多西方国家，但随着日本人生活方式和营养习惯的日益西化，这种差异显然正在缩小。营养因素无法解释日本较低的髋部骨折发生率。日本的钙摄入量较低。日本人在身体结构上的遗传差异，包括较低的重心、更好的运动功能和敏捷性、发达的髋部肌肉组织以及因生活和工作方式差异导致的较小但更抗骨折的骨骼，可能是日本人比西方人跌倒次数更少、骨折率更低的原因。像直接坐在地板上这样的传统生活习惯正在迅速减少，时间会证明日本髋部骨折低发生率中有多少可归因于生活方式，又有多少可归因于遗传和其他因素。如今髋部骨折发生率较低的日本女性年轻时过着艰苦的体力生活。这或许能给后代年轻人上一课，告诉他们年老时如何避免骨折。通过运动甚至茶道来享受生活，而非像他们的祖先那样从事逐渐消失的艰苦体力劳动，或许就能实现骨骼健康。
