Bagwell M A, Thompson S J, Addy C L, Coker A L, Baker E R
Richland Memorial Hospital, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Fertil Steril. 1995 Jun;63(6):1161-6.
To determine the association between combined monophasic oral contraceptive (OC) use and primary infertility.
Case-control.
Women serving as controls of the Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study.
Women were 19 to 40 years of age at first conception or infertility diagnosis. Based on 24 consecutive months of unprotected intercourse without a recognized conception, 419 nulligravid women had primary infertility; controls were 2,120 fertile women. A calendar of each women's reproductive history was used to determine fertility status and contraceptive use before infertility diagnosis or first conception.
Primary infertility.
Combined monophasic OC use was associated with a lower frequency of primary infertility, particularly among younger (age 20 years) compared with older women (age 30 years) after adjusting for barrier method use and education. A similar association was found for duration of OC use. When adjusted for age at first conception or infertility and barrier method, both higher (> 50 micrograms) and lower (< or = 50 micrograms) estrogen dose use were associated with decreased risk of primary infertility.
Combined monophasic OC use was associated with a lower frequency of primary infertility.
确定使用复方单相口服避孕药（OC）与原发性不孕之间的关联。
病例对照研究。
作为癌症与类固醇激素研究对照的女性。
首次受孕或诊断为不孕时年龄在19至40岁之间的女性。基于连续24个月无保护性交且未受孕，419名未孕女性患有原发性不孕；对照组为2120名可育女性。使用每位女性生殖史日历来确定不孕诊断或首次受孕前的生育状况和避孕措施使用情况。
原发性不孕。
在调整屏障法使用情况和教育程度后，使用复方单相OC与原发性不孕发生率较低相关，尤其是在年轻女性（20岁）中，相比年长女性（30岁）。在OC使用时长方面也发现了类似关联。在调整首次受孕或不孕时的年龄以及屏障法后，雌激素剂量较高（>50微克）和较低（≤50微克）的使用均与原发性不孕风险降低相关。
使用复方单相OC与原发性不孕发生率较低相关。
