Hintermeister R A, O'Connor D D, Dillman C J, Suplizio C L, Lange G W, Steadman J R
Steadman Hawkins Sports Medicine Foundation, Vail, CO 81657, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995 Mar;27(3):315-22.
The purpose of this study was to document and compare the muscular activity patterns observed in seven competitive racers during slalom (SL) and giant slalom (GS) skiing using quantitative parameters of EMG and qualitative video recordings. Twelve muscles of the leg and trunk were monitored using surface electrodes and telemetry. EMG activity was related to phases of movement determined from the video. SL was partitioned into two phases (initiation and turning) and a third phase (completion) was distinguished for GS. The majority of muscles were active at a moderate to high level for the whole turn, with average amplitudes (AA) between 58% and 112% maximum voluntary contraction. Large peak amplitudes (PA) were attributed to the substantial components of centrifugal and gravitational force that the skier must resist in the latter part of the turn. The similarity in muscle activity between SL and GS was surprising. The only significant differences were increases of 11.8% in AA for the AT in SL and 8.8% in PA for the EO in GS. There was ample evidence of co-contraction, suggesting a quasistatic component to skiing.
本研究的目的是使用肌电图的定量参数和定性视频记录，记录并比较7名竞技滑雪运动员在回转（SL）和大回转（GS）滑雪过程中观察到的肌肉活动模式。使用表面电极和遥测技术监测腿部和躯干的12块肌肉。肌电图活动与从视频中确定的运动阶段相关。SL被分为两个阶段（起始和转弯），GS则区分出第三个阶段（完成）。在整个转弯过程中，大多数肌肉以中高水平活动，平均幅度（AA）在最大自主收缩的58%至112%之间。大的峰值幅度（PA）归因于滑雪者在转弯后半段必须抵抗的离心力和重力的重要组成部分。SL和GS之间肌肉活动的相似性令人惊讶。唯一显著的差异是，SL中AT的AA增加了11.8%，GS中EO的PA增加了8.8%。有充分的证据表明存在共同收缩，这表明滑雪存在准静态成分。
