Gutman M, Fidler I J
Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
World J Surg. 1995 Mar-Apr;19(2):226-34. doi: 10.1007/BF00308631.
The process of metastasis is highly selective and favors the survival and growth of a few subpopulations of cells that preexist within a heterogeneous primary neoplasm. To produce metastases, tumor cells must succeed in invasion, embolization, survival in the circulation, arrest in a distant capillary bed, and extravasation into and multiplication in organ parenchyma. The outcome of this process depends on the interaction of metastatic cells with multiple host factors. To assess metastatic potential accurately, it is necessary to orthotopically implant human tumor cells recovered from surgical specimens into nude mice. This orthotopic implantation of tumor cells is invariably associated with trauma to the specific organ of implantation, which is followed by the processes of inflammation and repair. Tissue-specific growth factors may be responsible for stimulation of tumor cells that possess specific surface receptors. Understanding the factors that regulate cancer metastasis should allow for the design of rational therapy.
转移过程具有高度选择性，有利于原发性异质性肿瘤中预先存在的少数细胞亚群的存活和生长。为了产生转移，肿瘤细胞必须成功地进行侵袭、栓塞、在循环中存活、在远处的毛细血管床中滞留，并外渗到器官实质中并在其中增殖。这个过程的结果取决于转移细胞与多种宿主因素的相互作用。为了准确评估转移潜能，有必要将从手术标本中获取的人类肿瘤细胞原位植入裸鼠体内。肿瘤细胞的这种原位植入总是与植入特定器官的创伤相关，随后会发生炎症和修复过程。组织特异性生长因子可能负责刺激具有特定表面受体的肿瘤细胞。了解调节癌症转移的因素应该有助于设计合理的治疗方法。
