Kovacs M, Lohr W D
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1995 Feb;23(1):11-30. doi: 10.1007/BF01447042.
We present a broad overview of research on psychotherapy with children and adolescents, with a focus on dimensions along which progress has been made over the past 35 years. Research in this area has been increasingly characterized by the utilization of a greater variety of and more focused and better specified interventions, with increasingly homogenous samples of clients or patients, using methodologically more stringent approaches. The general consensus in the field is that psychotherapy is effective with younger age groups, as compared to no treatment. However, such a conclusion has to be qualified because of the dearth of studies on clinically referred youths, traditional therapies, and modes of treatment other than individual therapy. Several other issues also require further attention in research, including the need for more comprehensive or novel conceptualizations of juvenile-onset psychopathology to inform treatment efforts. Consideration also should be given to having parents more consistently involved in their children's therapy, integrating the developmental literature and the design of new interventions, and developing and testing therapies for youths with special needs.
我们对儿童和青少年心理治疗的研究进行了全面概述，重点关注过去35年中取得进展的维度。该领域的研究越来越具有以下特点：采用了更多样化、更具针对性且更明确的干预措施，研究对象或患者样本越来越同质化，研究方法也越来越严格。该领域的普遍共识是，与不进行治疗相比，心理治疗对较年轻的年龄组有效。然而，由于缺乏关于临床转诊青少年、传统疗法以及个体治疗以外的治疗模式的研究，这一结论必须加以限定。研究中还有其他几个问题也需要进一步关注，包括需要对青少年期精神病理学进行更全面或新颖的概念化，以为治疗工作提供指导。还应考虑让父母更持续地参与孩子的治疗，整合发展心理学文献与新干预措施的设计，以及为有特殊需求的青少年开发和测试治疗方法。
