Eder H
Bayerisches Landesamt für Arbeitsschutz, Arbeitsmedizin und Sicherheitstechnik, München.
Radiologe. 1995 Mar;35(3):156-61.
Presently examiners using angiographic methods are not accustomed to measure the exposition of parts of the body. This results in a considerable undervaluation of the really received doses (in terms of effective dose). Only a consequent application of dosimetry in parts of the body--demanded by section 35 of the German X-Ray Regulation and also by the corresponding guide-line--demonstrates the real problems i.e. oversteppings of dose limits. The use of practicable installations for permanent shielding will lead to an improvement of the situation and result in a significant decrease of the received doses and--at the same time--a minor physical burden of the examinator. Dosimetry of radiation was performed at the position of the examiner both with and without the application of permanent shielding (acrylic glass (PMMA) containing lead plus shielding of the lower part of the body). It could be demonstrated that a decrease of the received dose can be reached by a rate of 2.5 to 5 concerning the trunk and of 50 concerning the skull, upper arm and hands.
目前,使用血管造影方法的检查人员不习惯测量身体各部位的照射情况。这导致实际接受剂量(以有效剂量计)被严重低估。只有按照德国X射线法规第35条以及相应指南的要求,在身体各部位持续应用剂量测定法,才能揭示实际问题,即剂量限值超标问题。使用切实可行的永久性防护装置将改善这种状况,使接受剂量显著降低,同时减轻检查人员的身体负担。在检查人员位置进行了有和没有应用永久性防护(含铅丙烯酸玻璃(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)以及身体下部防护)情况下的辐射剂量测定。结果表明,躯干部位接受剂量可降低2.5至5倍,颅骨、上臂和手部部位可降低50倍。