Tsintzas O K, Williams C, Singh R, Wilson W, Burrin J
Department of Physical Education, Sports Science and Recreation Management, Loughborough University, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1995;70(2):154-60. doi: 10.1007/BF00361543.
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of drinking two carbohydrate (CHO) electrolyte solutions and water on marathon running performance. Seven endurance-trained runners completed three 42.2-km treadmill time-trials which were randomly assigned and 4 weeks apart. On each occasion the subjects ingested 3 ml.Kg-1 body weight of either water (W), a 6.9% CHO solution (O) or a 5.5% CHO solution (L) immediately prior to the start of the run and 2 ml.kg-1 body weight every 5 km thereafter. The total volume of fluid ingested [mean (SEM)] was 1112 (42), 1116 (44) and 1100 (44) ml, respectively. Running times for W, O and L trials were 193.9 (5.0), 192.4 (3.3) and 190.0 (3.9) min, respectively. Performance time for the L trial was faster (P < 0.05) compared with that of the W trial. Running speed was maintained in the L trial, whereas it decreased after 10 km (P < 0.05) in the W and after 25 km (P < 0.05) in the O trial. Blood glucose and lactate, and hormonal responses to fluid ingestion were similar in all three trials. Higher plasma free fatty acid and glycerol concentrations were observed at the end of the W trial compared with those obtained after the O and L trials, respectively (P < 0.05). Plasma ammonia concentration was higher (P < 0.01) at the end of the L trial compared with the W trial. Plasma creatine kinase concentration was higher (P < 0.05) 24 h after the completion of the L trial than after the W trial.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究旨在比较饮用两种碳水化合物（CHO）电解质溶液和水对马拉松跑步成绩的影响。七名耐力训练有素的跑步者完成了三次42.2公里的跑步机计时赛，这些计时赛是随机分配的，且间隔4周。每次试验时，受试者在跑步开始前立即摄入每千克体重3毫升的水（W）、6.9%的CHO溶液（O）或5.5%的CHO溶液（L），此后每5公里摄入每千克体重2毫升。摄入的液体总量[平均值（标准误）]分别为1112（42）、1116（44）和1100（44）毫升。W、O和L试验的跑步时间分别为193.9（5.0）、192.4（3.3）和190.0（3.9）分钟。与W试验相比，L试验的成绩时间更快（P<0.05）。在L试验中跑步速度得以维持，而在W试验中10公里后速度下降（P<0.05），在O试验中25公里后速度下降（P<0.05）。在所有三次试验中，血糖和乳酸以及对液体摄入的激素反应相似。与O和L试验后相比，在W试验结束时观察到更高的血浆游离脂肪酸和甘油浓度（P<0.05）。与W试验相比，L试验结束时血浆氨浓度更高（P<0.01）。与W试验后相比，L试验完成24小时后血浆肌酸激酶浓度更高（P<0.05）。（摘要截断于250字）
