Amedee R G
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA.
Laryngoscope. 1995 Jun;105(6):589-95. doi: 10.1288/00005537-199506000-00006.
Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are low-level acoustic sounds of cochlear origin that can be recorded from the external auditory canal under well-controlled conditions. They are a natural by-product of normal auditory physiology and may be divided into two general categories: spontaneous and evoked emissions. These emissions provide an objective, non-invasive measurement of cochlear function that is accurate, rapid, and simple to perform. The clinical utility of OAEs has been extensively described in both normally hearing subjects and subjects with sensori-neural hearing loss. The primary clinical applications of these emissions appear to be in neonatal screening and ototoxic monitoring. In this study, the effects of middle ear effusion on the production of evoked OAEs in children were assessed using preoperative tympanometric and otoacoustic emissions testing. The study subjects were children with a history of chronic otitis media who had otoscopic findings suggestive of middle ear effusion. An attempt was made to correlate the type of middle ear effusion found at surgery with the presence or absence of preoperative otoacoustic emissions. Statistical analysis indicated that the type of effusion in the middle ear does affect the presence or absence of emissions. These results tend to refute previous notions that OAEs are not measurable if the tympanogram is abnormal or fluid is present in the middle ear space. A review of the pertinent literature in included, along with a general description of the types of OAEs and their clinical significance.
耳声发射（OAEs）是起源于耳蜗的低强度声音，在良好控制的条件下可在外耳道记录到。它们是正常听觉生理的自然副产品，可分为两大类：自发性耳声发射和诱发性耳声发射。这些耳声发射提供了一种客观、无创的耳蜗功能测量方法，准确、快速且操作简单。耳声发射在听力正常的受试者和感音神经性听力损失的受试者中的临床应用已被广泛描述。这些耳声发射的主要临床应用似乎在于新生儿筛查和耳毒性监测。在本研究中，通过术前鼓室图和耳声发射测试评估了中耳积液对儿童诱发性耳声发射产生的影响。研究对象是有慢性中耳炎病史且耳镜检查结果提示中耳积液的儿童。试图将手术中发现的中耳积液类型与术前耳声发射的有无进行关联。统计分析表明，中耳积液的类型确实会影响耳声发射的有无。这些结果倾向于反驳之前的观点，即如果鼓室图异常或中耳腔有积液，耳声发射就无法测量。文中还纳入了相关文献综述，以及耳声发射类型及其临床意义的概述。
