Krachman S L, D'Alonzo G E, Criner G J
Sleep Disorders Center, Temple University Medical School and Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
Chest. 1995 Jun;107(6):1713-20. doi: 10.1378/chest.107.6.1713.
The most critically ill patients in the hospital are located in the ICU. Due to intensive individualized care and monitoring, these patients often suffer from severe sleep deprivation. The amount and continuity of sleep as well as normal sleep architecture are all affected. Moreover, by impairing protein synthesis, cell division, and cellular immunity, sleep deprivation can affect the healing process and thus contribute to an increased morbidity and mortality. Reasons for sleep deprivation appear to be multifactorial and include the following: the patient's chronic underlying illness, an acute superimposed illness or surgical procedure, medications used in treatment of the primary illness, and the ICU environment itself. Therapeutic interventions need to address each of these potential causes, with an emphasis placed on providing an environment that is both diurnal and focused on the importance of uninterrupted sleep.
医院里病情最危急的患者都住在重症监护病房（ICU）。由于接受强化的个体化护理和监测，这些患者经常遭受严重的睡眠剥夺。睡眠的时长、连续性以及正常的睡眠结构均受到影响。此外，睡眠剥夺会损害蛋白质合成、细胞分裂和细胞免疫，进而影响愈合过程，导致发病率和死亡率上升。睡眠剥夺的原因似乎是多方面的，包括以下几点：患者的慢性基础疾病、急性叠加疾病或外科手术、治疗原发性疾病所使用的药物以及ICU环境本身。治疗干预需要针对每一个潜在原因，重点是营造一个符合昼夜节律且重视睡眠不受干扰的重要性的环境。
