McGurk S P, Blanksby B A, Anderson M J
Department of Human Movement, University of Western Australia, Nedlands.
Sports Med. 1995 Mar;19(3):173-83. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199519030-00003.
When a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide (CO2) is inhaled by an individual, alveolar ventilation is increased. This ventilatory response to CO2 highlights the relationship between the increase in exercise ventilation and the increase in alveolar CO2 pressure (paCO2). This response is mediated centrally by brainstem chemoreceptors in the medulla and, to a lesser extent, peripherally by the carotid and aortic bodies. However, the response of increased breathing to rising paCO2 varies markedly among individuals. The responses to CO2 rebreathing have been investigated by a variety of research groups for different reasons. The range of responses by children and adults including: gender differences; responses by athletes; the relationship between age and body size; and whether it is an acquired or inherited response have been studied. The following is a summary of these different aspects of CO2 rebreathing has been complied to assist researchers studying any single or multiple facets of the area.
当个体吸入含有二氧化碳（CO₂）的混合气体时，肺泡通气量会增加。这种对CO₂的通气反应突出了运动通气增加与肺泡CO₂压力（PaCO₂）增加之间的关系。这种反应主要由延髓中的脑干化学感受器在中枢介导，在较小程度上由颈动脉体和主动脉体在周围介导。然而，个体对PaCO₂升高的呼吸增加反应差异很大。出于不同原因，多个研究小组对CO₂再呼吸的反应进行了研究。包括儿童和成人的反应范围：性别差异；运动员的反应；年龄与体型的关系；以及它是后天获得的还是遗传的反应等都已得到研究。以下是对CO₂再呼吸这些不同方面的总结，以帮助研究该领域任何单一或多个方面的研究人员。
