Raymond J E, Shapiro K L, Arnell K M
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1995 Jun;21(3):653-62. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.21.3.653.
When participants are required to respond to a target letter imbedded in a stream of rapid serially presented letters, perception of a 2nd target letter is impaired if the interval between the 2 targets is less than about 450 ms. This attentionally based posttarget suppression in visual processing, referred to as the attentional blink (AB), is not found when there is a brief pause in the stream immediately after the 1st target. To investigate the importance of posttarget stimulation in AB production, the categorical, featural, and spatial similarity of the immediate posttarget item to other items in the stream was manipulated. Although featural and spatial dissimilarity produced significant attenuation of the AB effect, categorical dissimilarity did not. Significant AB effects were found in all conditions, suggesting that the presentation of any patterned stimulus in close temporal proximity to the target provokes the AB.
当要求参与者对快速连续呈现的字母流中嵌入的目标字母做出反应时，如果两个目标之间的间隔小于约450毫秒，对第二个目标字母的感知就会受损。这种在视觉处理中基于注意力的目标后抑制，被称为注意瞬脱（AB），当在第一个目标之后的字母流中立即出现短暂停顿的时候不会出现。为了研究目标后刺激在注意瞬脱产生中的重要性，对目标后立即出现的项目与字母流中其他项目的类别、特征和空间相似性进行了操控。尽管特征和空间上的差异显著减弱了注意瞬脱效应，但类别差异并没有。在所有条件下都发现了显著的注意瞬脱效应，这表明在时间上与目标紧密相邻呈现任何有图案的刺激都会引发注意瞬脱。
