van Poppel G, Hospers J, Nieuwenhuizen W, Laterveer R
Department of Epidemiology, TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands.
Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1995 Feb;6(1):55-9. doi: 10.1097/00001721-199502000-00009.
A high intake of beta-carotene has been associated with a decreased risk for cardiovascular disease. To evaluate whether beta-carotene may exert a protective effect through an impact on haemostasis a randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in male smokers (n = 149) using 20 mg/day beta-carotene for 14 weeks. For comparisons, haemostatic indicators were also evaluated in a group of non-smokers (n = 54). Smokers compared with non-smokers had higher fibrinogen (3.5 vs. 3.1 mg/ml, P < 0.01), higher tissue-type plasminogen activator antigen (t-PA; 8.03 vs. 6.60 ng/ml, P < 0.05), lower levels of soluble fibrin (3.40 vs. 5.16 micrograms/ml, P < 0.01) and slightly higher plasma levels of total degradation products of fibrin and fibrinogen (TDP; 47.0 vs. 41.3 ng/ml, P = 0.21). Within the group of smokers, there were no initial differences in the four haemostatic indicators between the placebo (n = 77) and beta-carotene (n = 72) groups, and in both groups there was virtually no change in the indicators during the 14 weeks treatment. It is concluded that the different haemostatic profile in smokers may partly explain their increased risk for cardiovascular disease. beta-Carotene has no influence on the measured haemostatic indicators, and cardiovascular protection for beta-carotene via a beneficial effect on haemostasis seems improbable.
高摄入量的β-胡萝卜素与心血管疾病风险降低有关。为了评估β-胡萝卜素是否可能通过影响止血发挥保护作用，对149名男性吸烟者进行了一项随机、安慰剂对照试验，使用20毫克/天的β-胡萝卜素，为期14周。作为对照，还对一组54名非吸烟者的止血指标进行了评估。吸烟者与非吸烟者相比，纤维蛋白原水平更高（3.5对3.1毫克/毫升，P<0.01），组织型纤溶酶原激活物抗原（t-PA）水平更高（8.03对6.60纳克/毫升，P<0.05），可溶性纤维蛋白水平更低（3.40对5.16微克/毫升，P<0.01），纤维蛋白和纤维蛋白原的总降解产物（TDP）血浆水平略高（47.0对41.3纳克/毫升，P=0.21）。在吸烟者组中，安慰剂组（n = 77）和β-胡萝卜素组（n = 72）的四项止血指标最初没有差异，并且在14周的治疗期间两组的指标实际上都没有变化。结论是吸烟者不同的止血特征可能部分解释了他们心血管疾病风险增加的原因。β-胡萝卜素对所测量的止血指标没有影响，通过对止血产生有益作用来实现β-胡萝卜素对心血管的保护似乎不太可能。
