Toth L A
Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38101, USA.
Adv Neuroimmunol. 1995;5(1):79-92. doi: 10.1016/0960-5428(94)00045-p.
Common perceptions that the desire for sleep is increased during mild infectious diseases like colds and 'the flu' have fostered beliefs that sleep promotes recovery from infectious disease and that lack of sleep increases susceptibility to infections. However, until recently, the relationship between infectious disease and vigilance received relatively little systematic study. At present, several model systems provide evidence that infectious disease is accompanied by alterations in sleep. Indeed, increased sleepiness, like fever and anorexia, may be viewed as a facet of the acute phase response to infectious challenge. Recent studies also suggest that sleep, sleep deprivation and infectious disease may be related via mechanisms of the immune system (Fig. 1). Data are now accumulating to address questions such as whether immune processes alter sleep, whether sleep or sleep deprivation influences immune competence, and whether sleep facilitates recovery from infectious disease.
人们普遍认为，在患感冒和“流感”等轻度传染病期间，对睡眠的需求会增加，这促使人们相信睡眠有助于从传染病中恢复，而睡眠不足会增加感染的易感性。然而，直到最近，传染病与警觉性之间的关系相对较少受到系统研究。目前，几个模型系统提供了证据表明传染病会伴随睡眠改变。事实上，嗜睡与发烧和厌食一样，可能被视为对感染挑战的急性期反应的一个方面。最近的研究还表明，睡眠、睡眠剥夺和传染病可能通过免疫系统机制相互关联（图1）。现在有越来越多的数据来回答诸如免疫过程是否会改变睡眠、睡眠或睡眠剥夺是否会影响免疫能力，以及睡眠是否有助于从传染病中恢复等问题。
