Soldatos C R
Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, Greece.
J Psychosom Res. 1994;38 Suppl 1:3-8. doi: 10.1016/0022-3999(94)90130-9.
Epidemiologic studies show that psychopathology is a very powerful risk factor for the occurrence of insomnia. Depression and/or anxiety are quite prevalent among insomniacs, while insomnia is more than twice as prevalent in depressed than in non-depressed individuals. Moreover, recent data support a strong causal link of insomnia to both depression and anxiety. An exact cause-and-effect relationship between insomnia and psychopathology, however, has not as yet been definitively established. This is probably due to methodological differences across studies, related to design characteristics and the ways insomnia as well as various dimensions of psychopathology have been defined and detected. Thus, more refined psychometric techniques and multivariate methods of analysis should be utilized to elucidate the etiologic interface of insomnia and psychopathology.
流行病学研究表明，精神病理学是失眠发生的一个非常强大的风险因素。抑郁症和/或焦虑症在失眠症患者中相当普遍，而抑郁症患者中失眠症的患病率是非抑郁症患者的两倍多。此外，最近的数据支持失眠与抑郁症和焦虑症之间存在很强的因果关系。然而，失眠与精神病理学之间的确切因果关系尚未最终确定。这可能是由于各项研究之间的方法学差异，这些差异与设计特征以及失眠症和精神病理学各个维度的定义和检测方式有关。因此，应该采用更精细的心理测量技术和多变量分析方法来阐明失眠与精神病理学之间的病因学联系。
