Zahm S H, Pottern L M, Lewis D R, Ward M H, White D W
Occupational Studies Section, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland 20892-7364.
J Occup Med. 1994 Aug;36(8):842-7.
A survey of published epidemiologic studies from eight journals during 1971 to 1990 was conducted to assess the proportion and characteristics of occupational cancer studies that have included women and minorities. A total of 1233 reports included 562 (46%) with subjects limited to white men. The remaining 671 (54%) had subjects from other race-gender groups. Thirty-five percent included white women, but only 14% presented any analyses of white women specifically and only 7% presented more than five risk estimates. The proportions with analyses of nonwhite women (any = 2%; detailed = 1%) or men (any = 7%; detailed = 3%) were also small. Studies with detailed analyses of women and minorities tended to use weaker methodologies (ie, proportionate mortality or cross-sectional design) than the studies of white men and were less able to provide convincing data on the occupational cancer risks of women and minorities.
为评估纳入女性和少数族裔的职业性癌症研究的比例及特征，我们对1971年至1990年期间八份期刊上发表的流行病学研究进行了调查。总共1233份报告中，有562份（46%）的研究对象仅限于白人男性。其余671份（54%）的研究对象来自其他种族 - 性别群体。35%的研究纳入了白人女性，但只有14%专门对白人女性进行了任何分析，只有7%给出了超过五项风险估计。对非白人女性（任何分析 = 2%；详细分析 = 1%）或男性（任何分析 = 7%；详细分析 = 3%）进行分析的比例也很小。与白人男性的研究相比，对女性和少数族裔进行详细分析的研究往往采用较弱的方法（即比例死亡率或横断面设计），且较难提供关于女性和少数族裔职业性癌症风险的令人信服的数据。
