Wilkinson J Y, Ben-Tovim D I, Walker M K
School of Nursing, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1994 Sep;18(9):602-6.
The aim of this work was to investigate the personal and cultural significance of body weight and shape for women in Western Samoan culture. A cross cultural study was carried out of Western Samoan and Australian women comparing responses to the Body Attitude Questionnaire (BAQ). The work was carried out in a tertiary education institution and an occupational setting in Apia, Western Samoa, and on community residents in Adelaide, South Australia. The subjects were 70 volunteer female respondents from Western Samoan educational and occupational settings, individually matched for weight and height with 70 respondents from a South Australian random community setting. The psychometric properties of the BAQ, as completed by the Western Samoan respondents, were found to be similar to those for Australian women. Samoan women who were biologically overweight, felt as fat and had similar feelings about lower body fatness as their identical weight Australian counterparts. They, however, showed highly significantly less salience of fatness than the Australian sample, indicating that fatness is not a pre-occupying in Samoans as it is in Australian women. Despite this apparent non-concern over their fatness, Samoan women were significantly more disparaging about their bodies than their Australian counterparts. The other significant finding from this cross-comparative study, was that large Samoan women felt more attractive and much stronger and fitter than their Australian counterparts. It was concluded that Samoan women's body-related attitudes can be studied using techniques and concepts originating in the west, but the specific concerns of Samoan women need to be explored in further detail.
这项研究的目的是调查在西萨摩亚文化中，体重和体型对女性的个人及文化意义。对西萨摩亚和澳大利亚女性开展了一项跨文化研究，比较她们对身体态度问卷（BAQ）的回答。研究在西萨摩亚阿皮亚的一所高等教育机构和一个职业场所，以及南澳大利亚阿德莱德的社区居民中进行。研究对象是70名来自西萨摩亚教育和职业场所的女性志愿者受访者，她们在体重和身高方面与70名来自南澳大利亚随机社区的受访者一一匹配。结果发现，西萨摩亚受访者填写的BAQ的心理测量特性与澳大利亚女性的相似。在生物学上超重的萨摩亚女性，感觉自己和体重相同的澳大利亚女性一样胖，并且对下半身肥胖有类似的感受。然而，与澳大利亚样本相比，她们对肥胖的关注度显著较低，这表明肥胖在萨摩亚人当中不像在澳大利亚女性当中那样令人担忧。尽管萨摩亚女性对自己的肥胖明显不关心，但她们对自己身体的贬低程度却比澳大利亚女性高得多。这项跨文化比较研究的另一个重要发现是，体型较大的萨摩亚女性比澳大利亚女性感觉更有吸引力、更强壮和更健康。研究得出的结论是，可以使用源自西方的技术和概念来研究萨摩亚女性与身体相关的态度，但需要进一步详细探讨萨摩亚女性的具体关注点。
