Muller C D, Bocchini V, Giaimis J, Guerrieri P, Lombard Y, Poindron P
Département d'Immunologie, Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
Res Immunol. 1994 May;145(4):267-75. doi: 10.1016/s0923-2494(94)80015-4.
In the central nervous system, the functions of microglia appear crucial after brain damage, when phagocytes eliminate cell debris, acting as the scavengers of the brain. Diseases where an active role for microglia has been proposed recently include Alzheimer's disease, the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and multiple sclerosis. Only recently has it been possible to obtain a microglial cell line retaining morphological and functional aspects of these cells and their secretory products. Sugar receptors are expressed by a variety of phagocytes in primary cultures, but in contrast, are absent on the majority of the described macrophage-like cell lines. We here establish, by 4 degrees C binding experiments, that this murine cell line, called BV-2, expresses a high level (9.86 +/- 0.91 x 10(5); n = 3) of beta-glucan receptors. At 37 degrees C, BV-2 cells show high phagocytic power that can only be inhibited by the free polysugar beta-laminarin (a poly-glucose) and not by mannan (a poly-mannose) as described for macrophages. The beta-glucan receptor expressed by the microglial cell line BV-2 is fully functional in phagocytosis of unopsonized heat-killed yeast particles.
在中枢神经系统中，脑损伤后小胶质细胞的功能显得至关重要，此时吞噬细胞清除细胞碎片，充当大脑的清道夫。最近有人提出小胶质细胞起积极作用的疾病包括阿尔茨海默病、获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）和多发性硬化症。直到最近才有可能获得一种保留这些细胞及其分泌产物形态和功能特征的小胶质细胞系。原代培养中的多种吞噬细胞表达糖受体，但相比之下，大多数已描述的巨噬细胞样细胞系上没有糖受体。我们通过4℃结合实验确定，这种名为BV-2的小鼠细胞系表达高水平（9.86±0.91×10⁵；n = 3）的β-葡聚糖受体。在37℃时，BV-2细胞表现出高吞噬能力，这种能力只能被游离多糖β-海带多糖（一种多聚葡萄糖）抑制，而不像巨噬细胞那样被甘露聚糖（一种多聚甘露糖）抑制。小胶质细胞系BV-2表达的β-葡聚糖受体在吞噬未调理的热灭活酵母颗粒时功能完全正常。
