Munck A, Náray-Fejes-Tóth A
Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756-0001.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1994 Nov 30;746:115-30; discussion 131-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb39221.x.
Protection against stress by glucocorticoids is discussed in relation to their permissive and suppressive actions. Evidence from the last decade is summarized regarding the physiological nature of the suppressive actions, and the hypothesis that they prevent stress-activated defense mechanisms from overshooting and damaging the organism. Support for this hypothesis has come from observations on how endogenous or administered glucocorticoids control inflammatory and immune responses, protect in endotoxic and hemorrhagic shock, regulate central nervous system responses to stimuli, and moderate many defense reactions through suppression of cytokines and other mediators. Studies showing that glucocorticoids permissively induce receptors for several mediators that they suppress have led to a model in which stimulated activity of a mediator system is increased permissively through induction of mediator receptors and decreased through suppression of mediator production.
糖皮质激素对压力的保护作用与其允许作用和抑制作用相关。总结了过去十年中有关抑制作用生理本质的证据，以及它们可防止应激激活的防御机制过度反应并损害机体的假说。对这一假说的支持来自于对以下方面的观察：内源性或给予的糖皮质激素如何控制炎症和免疫反应、在内毒素血症和失血性休克中发挥保护作用、调节中枢神经系统对刺激的反应，以及通过抑制细胞因子和其他介质来调节许多防御反应。研究表明，糖皮质激素可允许性地诱导它们所抑制的几种介质的受体，这导致了一个模型，即在该模型中，介质系统的刺激活性通过诱导介质受体而被允许性地增加，并通过抑制介质产生而降低。
