Penn P, Frankfurt M
Ackerman Institute for Family Therapy, New York, NY 10021.
Fam Process. 1994 Sep;33(3):217-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.1994.00217.x.
This article uses the ideas of social constructionism to explore how families change by investigating the way our perceptions of ourselves in relation to others are formed through language. The idea that language has the inherent potential to generate a reply has strongly influenced our thinking. We propose that the reply to others is shaped by our initial reply to ourselves in inner conversation. Interaction moves back and forth from inner conversation to conversation with others, from monologue to dialogue, becoming the "stuff" of new narratives. The particular focus on language in this article is on how adding writing to the session conversation produces a "participant text," a therapeutic narrative that is composed of the voices of the family and the therapists. These voices, often newly discovered or invented, allow our narrative discourse to expand and multiply. Using this approach with individuals, couples, and families from different socioeconomic levels, we have worked with mourning, divorcing couples, recovery from abuse, marital conflict, parenting dilemmas, and physical illness.
本文运用社会建构主义的观点，通过研究我们如何通过语言形成与他人相关的自我认知方式，来探讨家庭是如何变化的。语言具有引发回应的内在潜力这一观点，对我们的思维产生了强烈影响。我们认为，对他人的回应是由我们在内心对话中对自己的初始回应塑造的。互动在内心对话与他人对话之间来回转换，从独白到对话，成为新叙事的“素材”。本文对语言的特别关注在于，在会话中加入写作如何产生一个“参与者文本”，这是一种由家庭和治疗师的声音组成的治疗性叙事。这些声音，往往是新发现或新创造的，使我们的叙事话语得以扩展和丰富。我们将这种方法应用于来自不同社会经济水平的个人、夫妻和家庭，处理过哀悼、离婚夫妻、从虐待中恢复、婚姻冲突、育儿困境和身体疾病等问题。
