Järvinen R, Knekt P, Seppänen R, Reunanen A, Heliövaara M, Maatela J, Aromaa A
Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Kuopio, Finland.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1994 Dec;48(6):549-54. doi: 10.1136/jech.48.6.549.
The study aimed to reveal associations between dietary antioxidant vitamins and other personal characteristics.
Population based, cross sectional survey.
Twenty seven rural, industrial, and semiurban communities in six different regions of Finland.
Subjects included 5304 men and 4750 women aged 15 years or older, who were interviewed about their dietary habits at the baseline study of the Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Examination Survey, 1967-72.
Intakes of carotenoids and vitamins A, E, and C were estimated from dietary history interviews covering the subjects' food consumption in the preceding year. In older age groups intakes of all the vitamins studied were low. Occupation had a profound effect on dietary antioxidant vitamins: intakes were highest in white collar workers and lowest in farmers; those classified as service workers, industrial workers, or housewives came in between. Current smoking was inversely associated with dietary carotenoids and vitamin C, especially in men. The vitamin intakes of ex-smokers were equal to or even slightly higher than those of never smokers. Married men had higher intakes of carotenoids and vitamin C than men living alone. Body mass index was not an important determinant of the intake of antioxidant vitamins.
The associations of dietary antioxidant vitamins with sociodemographic characteristics and smoking were strong enough to exert a confounding or modifying effect in studies on diet and diseases.
本研究旨在揭示膳食抗氧化剂维生素与其他个人特征之间的关联。
基于人群的横断面调查。
芬兰六个不同地区的27个农村、工业和半城市社区。
研究对象包括5304名男性和4750名15岁及以上的女性，他们在1967 - 1972年芬兰流动诊所健康检查调查的基线研究中接受了饮食习惯访谈。
通过饮食史访谈估计类胡萝卜素以及维生素A、E和C的摄入量，访谈涵盖了受试者前一年的食物消费情况。在年龄较大的人群中，所研究的所有维生素的摄入量都较低。职业对膳食抗氧化剂维生素有深远影响：白领工人的摄入量最高，农民的摄入量最低；服务人员、产业工人或家庭主妇的摄入量介于两者之间。当前吸烟与膳食类胡萝卜素和维生素C呈负相关，尤其是在男性中。已戒烟者的维生素摄入量等于或甚至略高于从不吸烟者。已婚男性的类胡萝卜素和维生素C摄入量高于独居男性。体重指数不是抗氧化剂维生素摄入量的重要决定因素。
膳食抗氧化剂维生素与社会人口学特征和吸烟之间的关联足够强，足以在饮食与疾病的研究中产生混杂或修正作用。
