如果美国人饮酒量减少会怎样？对酒精滥用和酒精依赖患病率的潜在影响。
What if Americans drank less? The potential effect on the prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence.
作者信息
Archer L, Grant B F, Dawson D A
机构信息
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, Md. 20892.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1995 Jan;85(1):61-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.85.1.61.
OBJECTIVES
Several advisory committees have recently recommended that alcohol consumption be limited to moderate levels. Moderate drinking has been defined generally as not more than two drinks per day for healthy men and not more than one drink per day for healthy, nonpregnant women. The impact of reducing alcohol consumption to within the recommended guidelines on the prevalence of two serious alcohol-related problems was examined by modeling the relationship between average daily ethanol intake and alcohol abuse and dependence.
METHODS
The recommended drinking guidelines, both in their existing form and modified by a measure of impairment, were applied to the observed distribution of consumption derived from a large representative survey of the US general population.
RESULTS
The results demonstrated that restricting drinking to the maximum allowable levels under the existing and the modified guidelines would reduce the prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence by 14.2% and 47.1%, respectively, in the adult US general population.
CONCLUSIONS
Implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the validity of the assumptions underlying the models and the nature and direction of future research that would form the basis of newly developed guidelines for safe drinking limits.
目的
几个咨询委员会最近建议将酒精摄入量限制在适度水平。适度饮酒一般被定义为健康男性每天不超过两杯，健康、未怀孕女性每天不超过一杯。通过对日均乙醇摄入量与酒精滥用和依赖之间的关系进行建模，研究了将酒精摄入量降低到推荐指南范围内对两种严重酒精相关问题患病率的影响。
方法
将推荐的饮酒指南，包括其现有形式以及通过一项损伤指标进行修改后的指南，应用于从美国普通人群的大型代表性调查得出的饮酒量观察分布情况。
结果
结果表明，将饮酒限制在现有指南和修改后指南规定的最大允许水平，将分别使美国成年普通人群中酒精滥用和依赖的患病率降低14.2%和47.1%。
结论
将根据模型所依据假设的有效性以及未来研究的性质和方向来讨论这些发现的意义，这些研究将构成新制定的安全饮酒限量指南的基础。
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