Fassbender C, Goeters K M
German Aerospace Research Establishment (DLR), Department of Aviation and Space Psychology, Hamburg, FRG.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1994 Oct;65(10 Pt 1):925-9.
In the summer of 1991, the European Space Agency (ESA) performed its second selection campaign since 1977 in order to find 10 astronaut candidates (laboratory specialists and space plane specialists). An integral part of this selection process was the psychological evaluation, according to the principles laid down in the study report "Definition of Psychological Testing of Astronaut Candidates." After national preselection, 59 applicants underwent the psychological evaluation, which consisted of the assessment of operational aptitudes (basic cognitive and psychomotor functions) and personality traits (motivation, social capability, stress resistance). The test program included a diverse number of tests, questionnaires, behavioral ratings, biographical data, and semi-structured interviews. About 50 scores were available for each subject. A comparison of the test scores with the original normative data, culture-fairness of the psychological selection, and discriminant functions analyzing the assessment decisions will be presented and discussed.
1991年夏天，欧洲航天局（ESA）开展了自1977年以来的第二次选拔活动，以挑选出10名宇航员候选人（实验室专家和航天飞机专家）。根据研究报告《宇航员候选人心理测试的定义》中规定的原则，心理评估是此次选拔过程不可或缺的一部分。经过国家层面的预选，59名申请者接受了心理评估，评估内容包括对操作能力（基本认知和心理运动功能）和人格特质（动机、社交能力、抗压能力）的评估。测试项目包括多种测试、问卷、行为评级、个人履历数据以及半结构化面试。每个受试者大约有50项得分。将展示并讨论测试分数与原始常模数据的比较、心理选拔的文化公平性以及分析评估决策的判别函数。
