Packer S, Prendergast P, Wasylenki D, Toner B, Ali A
Department of Psychiatry, Wellesley Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1994 Nov;45(11):1117-21. doi: 10.1176/ps.45.11.1117.
The study examined psychiatric residents' attitudes toward, knowledge about, and training in the care of patients with chronic mental illness.
The authors constructed a 41-item Residents' Attitude Toward the Chronically Mentally Ill Scale to obtain a systematic assessment of attitudes. The scale's validity was enhanced by input from 12 psychiatrists who were knowledgeable about work with and attitudes toward such patients, and a test showed the scale to have high reliability. The scale was administered to 85 psychiatric residents, along with questionnaires focused on training and knowledge and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale assessing defensiveness and self-deception.
No correlation was found between residents' attitudes and years of residency training or between attitudes and knowledge about patients with chronic mental illness. Residents reported many negative attitudes toward this patient population. However, significant positive correlations were found between the residents' attitudes and their training in settings where patients were considered to receive high-quality care and supervisors were good role models.
Constructive training experiences during residency can have a positive influence on residents' attitudes toward patients with chronic mental illness.
本研究考察了精神科住院医师对慢性精神疾病患者护理的态度、知识和培训情况。
作者编制了一份包含41个条目的《住院医师对慢性精神疾病患者的态度量表》，以系统评估态度。该量表的效度通过12位熟悉此类患者工作及态度的精神科医生的意见得以提升，一项测试表明该量表具有较高的信度。该量表被施用于85名精神科住院医师，同时还发放了聚焦于培训和知识的问卷以及用于评估防御性和自我欺骗的马洛-克劳恩社会赞许性量表。
住院医师的态度与住院医师培训年限之间以及态度与慢性精神疾病患者知识之间均未发现相关性。住院医师报告了对这一患者群体的许多负面态度。然而，在认为患者能接受高质量护理且上级是良好榜样的环境中，住院医师的态度与他们所接受的培训之间发现了显著的正相关。
住院医师培训期间的建设性培训经历可对住院医师对慢性精神疾病患者的态度产生积极影响。
