Jensen R H, Langlois R G, Bigbee W L, Grant S G, Moore D, Pilinskaya M, Vorobtsova I, Pleshanov P
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0808.
Radiat Res. 1995 Feb;141(2):129-35.
In 1986, when an explosion accident occurred at the Chernobyl, Ukraine nuclear power plant, a large number of people were exposed to significant amounts of ionizing radiation. During the time between 1986 and 1992, peripheral blood samples were obtained from 102 people who either were on site during the emergency or were brought to Chernobyl shortly thereafter to assist in the cleanup of radioactive contaminants and isolate the damaged reactor from the environment. These blood samples plus samples from 13 unexposed Soviet individuals were analyzed by flow cytometry using the allele-loss somatic mutation assay for glycophorin A. Results of these assays show that the frequency of N/O variant red cells increased in proportion to the estimated radiation exposure of each individual. The radiation dose-response function derived from this population closely resembles that determined previously for atomic bomb survivors whose blood samples were obtained and analyzed 40 years after their exposure. This suggests comparable mutation induction per unit dose for these two populations and long-term persistence of the mutational damage. In addition, measurements on multiple blood samples from each of 10 donors taken over a 7-year period showed no significant changes in N/O variant cell frequencies, confirming the persistence of radiation-induced somatic mutations in long-lived bone marrow stem cells.
1986年，乌克兰切尔诺贝利核电站发生爆炸事故，大量人员遭受了大量电离辐射。在1986年至1992年期间，从102人身上采集了外周血样本，这些人要么在事故发生时身处现场，要么在事故发生后不久被带到切尔诺贝利，协助清理放射性污染物，并将受损反应堆与周围环境隔离开来。这些血样加上13名未受辐射的苏联人的样本，通过流式细胞术，采用血型糖蛋白A等位基因缺失体细胞突变检测法进行了分析。这些检测结果表明，N/O变异红细胞的频率与每个人估计的辐射暴露量成正比。从这群人得出的辐射剂量反应函数与之前对原子弹幸存者确定的函数非常相似，那些原子弹幸存者的血样是在受辐射40年后采集和分析的。这表明这两个人群每单位剂量的突变诱导情况相当，且突变损伤具有长期持续性。此外，对10名献血者在7年期间采集的多个血样进行的检测显示，N/O变异细胞频率没有显著变化，证实了辐射诱导的体细胞突变在长寿骨髓干细胞中的持续性。
