Pasche-Koo F, Piletta P A, Hunziker N, Hauser C
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
Contact Dermatitis. 1994 Oct;31(4):226-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb01993.x.
Emulsifiers are common constituents of most topical preparations. To study the sensitization rate in a population with frequent use of these agents, we selected 47 patients with chronic or recurrent (> 1 year) inflammatory skin disease (leg ulcers, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis) for patch testing with the following emulsifiers: Tween 40 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate). Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate), Span 60 (sorbitan monostearate), Span 80 (sorbitan monooelate), Arlacel 83 (sorbitan sesquioleate), Atlas G 2162 (polyoxyethylene oxypropylene stearate), Atlas G 1441 (polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin derivative), triethanolamine, Lanette O (cetylstearyl alcohol), Lanette N. 12 patients had at least 1 positive reaction (25.5%) at 3 or 4 days. Among them, 10 had leg ulcers (43.4% of the leg ulcer group), and 2 had contact dermatitis (13.3% of the contact dermatitis group). No positive reaction was observed in the other patients. When the patients were tested with their own topical preparations or wound dressings, 6 of them, all with leg ulcers, had positive reactions. These results show a surprisingly high prevalence of sensitization to emulsifiers in patients with chronic leg ulcers, in contrast to patients with other inflammatory skin diseases.
乳化剂是大多数外用制剂的常见成分。为了研究在频繁使用这些制剂的人群中的致敏率，我们选择了47例患有慢性或复发性（>1年）炎症性皮肤病（腿部溃疡、接触性皮炎、特应性皮炎、银屑病）的患者，用以下乳化剂进行斑贴试验：吐温40（聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单棕榈酸酯）、吐温80（聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单油酸酯）、司盘60（山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯）、司盘80（山梨醇酐单油酸酯）、阿拉塞尔83（山梨醇酐倍半油酸酯）、阿特拉斯G 2162（聚氧乙烯氧丙烯硬脂酸酯）、阿特拉斯G 1441（聚氧乙烯山梨醇羊毛脂衍生物）、三乙醇胺、月桂醇硫酸酯钠、月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯钠。12例患者在3或4天时至少有1次阳性反应（25.5%）。其中，10例患有腿部溃疡（占腿部溃疡组的43.4%），2例患有接触性皮炎（占接触性皮炎组的13.3%）。其他患者未观察到阳性反应。当用患者自己的外用制剂或伤口敷料进行测试时，其中6例均患有腿部溃疡的患者出现了阳性反应。这些结果表明，与其他炎症性皮肤病患者相比，慢性腿部溃疡患者对乳化剂致敏的患病率高得出奇。
