Brown S H, Coney R D
Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30303.
J Am Med Inform Assoc. 1994 Sep-Oct;1(5):381-94. doi: 10.1136/jamia.1994.95153426.
STUDY OVERVIEW: Interns' anxiety about computer use ("computer anxiety") and their attitudes toward medical computer applications were determined by a standardized questionnaire. Participants were surveyed before and after three months of differential exposure to three clinical information systems (CISs), including one with provider-entered encounters.
Fifty-one interns completed both surveys. Their average age was 27 years. Thirty-three percent were female, 7% were African American, and 8% were foreign graduates.
The most common previous exposures to computers were for literature searching and retrieval of patient information (both 92%). Factors that commonly emerged as predictive of anxiety about computer use included self-rated skills, typing ability, and computer attitudes. Factors predictive of attitudes toward computers included self-rated skills, typing ability, maximal frequency of prior computer use, computer ownership, and computer anxiety. Factors that were not predictive of computer anxiety or attitudes toward computers included age, gender, and physician input of data.
Identification of markers for negative psychological reactions to computer use may allow development of interventions to improve acceptance of computer base patient records (CBPRs).
研究概述：通过一份标准化问卷确定实习医生对计算机使用的焦虑情绪（“计算机焦虑”）及其对医学计算机应用的态度。在对三种临床信息系统（CIS）进行三个月的差异接触之前和之后，对参与者进行了调查，其中一种临床信息系统包含医生录入的病历。
51名实习医生完成了两次调查。他们的平均年龄为27岁。33%为女性，7%为非裔美国人，8%为外国毕业生。
之前最常见的计算机使用经历是文献检索和患者信息检索（均为92%）。通常被认为是计算机使用焦虑预测因素的有自我评估技能、打字能力和计算机态度。计算机态度的预测因素包括自我评估技能、打字能力、之前计算机使用的最高频率、计算机拥有情况和计算机焦虑。与计算机焦虑或计算机态度无关的因素包括年龄、性别和医生的数据录入。
识别对计算机使用产生负面心理反应的指标，可能有助于开发干预措施，以提高对基于计算机的患者记录（CBPR）的接受度。
