Kramer J K, Sauer F D, Farnworth E R, Wolynetz M S, Jones G, Rock G A
Center for Food and Animal Research, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
Lipids. 1994 Dec;29(12):859-68. doi: 10.1007/BF02536254.
To test if linolenic acid (18:3n-3) from vegetable oils would affect bleeding times and platelet counts in newborns, piglets were used as a model fed milk replacer diets containing 25% (by wt) vegetable oils or oil mixtures for 28 d and compared to sow-reared piglets. The oils tested included soybean, canola, olive, high oleic sunflower (HOAS), a canola/coconut mixture and a mixture of oils mimicking canola in fatty acid composition. All piglets fed the milk replacer diets showed normal growth. Bleeding times increased after birth from 4-6 min to 7-10 min by week 4 (P < 0.001), and were higher in pigs fed diets containing 18:3n-3, as well as in sow-reared piglets receiving n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the milk, as compared to diets low in 18:3n-3. Platelet numbers increased within the first week in newborn piglets from 300 to 550 x 10(9)/L, and remained high thereafter. Milk replacer diets, containing vegetable oils, generally showed a transient delay in the rise of platelet numbers, which was partially associated with an increased platelet volume. The oils showed differences in the length of delay, but by the third week of age, all platelet counts were > 500 x 10(9)/L. The delay in rise in platelet counts appeared to be related to the fatty acid composition of the oil, as the effect was reproduced by a mixture of oils with a certain fatty acid profile, and disappeared upon the addition of saturated fatty acids to the vegetable oil. There were no alterations in the coagulation factors due to the dietary oils. Blood plasma, platelets and red blood cell membranes showed increased levels of 18:3n-3 and long-chain n-3 PUFA in response to dietary 18:3n-3. The level of saturated fatty acids in blood lipids was generally lower in canola and HOAS oil-fed piglets as compared to piglets fed soybean oil or reared with the sow. The results suggest that consumption of milk replacer diets containing vegetable oils rich in 18:3n-3 does not represent a bleeding risk, and that the transient lower platelet count can be counterbalanced by the addition of saturated fatty acids to the vegetable oils.
为了测试植物油中的亚麻酸（18:3n-3）是否会影响新生儿的出血时间和血小板计数，以仔猪为模型，用含25%（重量）植物油或油混合物的代乳料喂养28天，并与母猪饲养的仔猪进行比较。所测试的油包括大豆油、菜籽油、橄榄油、高油酸向日葵油（HOAS）、菜籽油/椰子油混合物以及脂肪酸组成模拟菜籽油的油混合物。所有喂食代乳料的仔猪生长正常。出生后出血时间从4 - 6分钟增加到第4周时的7 - 10分钟（P < 0.001），与18:3n-3含量低的日粮相比，喂食含18:3n-3日粮的猪以及在母乳中摄入n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的母猪饲养仔猪的出血时间更长。新生仔猪在第一周内血小板数量从300增加到550×10⁹/L，此后一直保持较高水平。含植物油的代乳料日粮通常会使血小板数量上升出现短暂延迟，这部分与血小板体积增加有关。不同的油在延迟时间上存在差异，但到3周龄时，所有血小板计数均>500×10⁹/L。血小板计数上升的延迟似乎与油的脂肪酸组成有关，因为具有特定脂肪酸谱的油混合物能重现这种效应，而向植物油中添加饱和脂肪酸后这种效应消失。日粮中的油对凝血因子没有影响。血浆、血小板和红细胞膜中18:3n-3和长链n-3 PUFA的水平因日粮中18:3n-3而升高。与喂食大豆油或由母猪饲养的仔猪相比，喂食菜籽油和HOAS油的仔猪血脂中饱和脂肪酸水平通常较低。结果表明，食用富含18:3n-3植物油的代乳料日粮不会带来出血风险，并且向植物油中添加饱和脂肪酸可以抵消血小板计数短暂降低的影响。
