Pollastrini L, Abramo A, Cristalli G, Baretti F, Greco A
I Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica dell'Università, La Sapienza di Roma.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 1994 Sep-Oct;14(5):503-12.
People exposed to industrial solvents may suffer from disturbances of different psycho-physiological and vestibulo-oculomotor function. Therefore an investigation was performed testing vestibular and oculomotor reactions in workers exposed to solvents. It also seemed to be of interest to study if the auditory pathways were affected in these workers. 53 men aged 27-54 (Md = 37.7) were studied. They had been exposed to aromatic solvents in their work as colour mixers, painters, printers and petrol truck drives. Time of working was between 4-25 (Md = 15.2) years. At the time of this investigation none of the men had been exposed to solvents for at least the last four years. The clinical investigation included cerebellar tests and a general ENT investigation. Electronystagmography was performed and comprised the following functions: 1) spontaneous and caloric vestibular tests; 2) a sinusoidal swing test in darkness, the patient sitting in a rotatory chair; 3) visual suppression test; 4) a saccade test; a slow pursuit eye movement test. In addition all the patients were subjected to an audiological test battery including pure tone threshold, conventional vocal audiometry, speech discrimination used interrupted speech 10 interruptions per second, acoustic reflex thresholds and reflex decay. The clinical investigation showed in 19 patients balance problems in the balance test. The sinusoidal test was normal in all cases. The caloric test showed 8 cases of asymmetry in vestibular reactions. 10 of the patients had pathological spontaneous nystagmus. 17 of the patients had a pathologically decreased ability for visual suppression. The saccades were abnormal in 25 patients. The patients who were subjected to audiological testing all had pure tone thresholds and conventional vocal thresholds as expected with regard to age. 31 patients showed decreased discrimination scores at the interrupted speech. The acoustic reflex thresholds were normal and there was not pathological reflex decay. Results show the prevalently pathologic concern for C.N.S. Authors, last, give prominence to the significant relationship between the exposure time to solvents' vapour and changing of several parameters, connection conditioned by constitution and life habits in predisposing workers to a greater susceptibility at damages caused by organic solvents.
接触工业溶剂的人可能会出现不同的心理生理和前庭眼动功能障碍。因此，我们进行了一项调查，测试接触溶剂的工人的前庭和眼动反应。研究这些工人的听觉通路是否受到影响似乎也很有意义。我们研究了53名年龄在27至54岁（中位数=37.7岁）的男性。他们在工作中接触过芳香族溶剂，职业包括调色师、油漆工、印刷工和汽油卡车司机。工作时间在4至25年之间（中位数=15.2年）。在本次调查时，这些男性中至少在过去四年内都没有接触过溶剂。临床检查包括小脑测试和全面的耳鼻喉科检查。进行了眼震电图检查，包括以下功能：1）自发性和冷热前庭测试；2）在黑暗中进行的正弦摆动测试，患者坐在转椅上；3）视觉抑制测试；4）扫视测试；慢速跟踪眼动测试。此外，所有患者都接受了一套听力测试，包括纯音阈值、传统的言语听力测定、使用每秒10次中断的断续言语的言语辨别、听觉反射阈值和反射衰减。临床检查显示，19名患者在平衡测试中存在平衡问题。所有病例的正弦测试均正常。冷热测试显示8例前庭反应不对称。10名患者有病理性自发性眼震。17名患者的视觉抑制能力病理性降低。25名患者的扫视异常。接受听力测试的患者的纯音阈值和传统言语阈值在年龄方面均符合预期。31名患者在断续言语测试中显示辨别分数降低。听觉反射阈值正常，没有病理性反射衰减。结果显示中枢神经系统普遍存在病理性问题。最后，作者强调了溶剂蒸气暴露时间与几个参数变化之间的显著关系，这种关系受体质和生活习惯的影响，使工人更容易受到有机溶剂造成的损害。
