Grant G, Dorward P M, Buchan W C, Armour J C, Pusztai A
Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen.
Br J Nutr. 1995 Jan;73(1):17-29.
Feeding trials have been done with rats to assess the effects of long-term (700 d) consumption of diets based on raw cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata; moderate Bowman-Birk inhibitor content, low lectin content), lupin seeds (Lupinus angustifolius; low lectin and protease inhibitor content) or soya beans (Glycine max; high Kunitz inhibitor content, moderate Bowman-Birk inhibitor content, moderate lectin content) or diets containing low levels of raw kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris; high lectin content, low Bowman-Birk inhibitor content) on body weight and composition and organ weights. All the legume-based diets reduced feed conversion efficiency and growth rates during the initial 250 d. However, after 250 d the weight gains by rats given legume-based diets were similar to those of controls given the same daily feed intake. Long-term consumption of diets containing low levels of kidney bean significantly altered body composition of rats. The levels of lipid in the body were significantly reduced. As a result, carcasses of these rats contained a higher proportion of muscle/protein than did controls. Small-intestine relative weight was increased by short- and long-term consumption of the kidney-bean-based diet. However, the increase in relative pancreatic weight observed at 30 d did not persist long term. None of the other legume-based diets caused any significant changes in body composition. However, long-term exposure to a soya-bean- or cowpea-based diet induced an extensive increase in the relative and absolute weights of the pancreas and caused an increase in the incidence of macroscopic pancreatic nodules and possibly pancreatic neoplasia. Long-term consumption of the cowpea-, kidney-bean-, lupin-seed- or soya-bean-based diets by rats resulted in a significant increase in the relative weight of the caecum and colon.
已用大鼠进行饲养试验，以评估长期（700天）食用以生豇豆（豇豆；鲍曼-伯克抑制剂含量中等，凝集素含量低）、羽扇豆种子（窄叶羽扇豆；凝集素和蛋白酶抑制剂含量低）或大豆（大豆；库尼茨抑制剂含量高，鲍曼-伯克抑制剂含量中等，凝集素含量中等）为基础的日粮，或含有低水平生芸豆（菜豆；凝集素含量高，鲍曼-伯克抑制剂含量低）的日粮对体重、身体组成和器官重量的影响。在最初的250天里，所有以豆类为基础的日粮都降低了饲料转化效率和生长速度。然而，250天后，给予以豆类为基础日粮的大鼠体重增加与给予相同每日采食量的对照组相似。长期食用含有低水平芸豆的日粮会显著改变大鼠的身体组成。体内脂质水平显著降低。因此，这些大鼠的胴体中肌肉/蛋白质的比例高于对照组。短期和长期食用以芸豆为基础的日粮会增加小肠相对重量。然而，在30天时观察到的胰腺相对重量增加并未长期持续。其他以豆类为基础的日粮均未引起身体组成的任何显著变化。然而，长期接触以大豆或豇豆为基础的日粮会导致胰腺相对重量和绝对重量大幅增加，并导致宏观胰腺结节的发生率增加，可能还会引发胰腺肿瘤。大鼠长期食用以豇豆、芸豆、羽扇豆种子或大豆为基础的日粮会导致盲肠和结肠相对重量显著增加。
