Meffert J J, Davis B M, Grimwood R E
Department of Dermatology, Wilford Hall Medical Center, USAF Lackland AFB, Texas.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995 Mar;32(3):393-416; quiz 417-8. doi: 10.1016/0190-9622(95)90060-8.
Lichen sclerosus, usually appearing in the dermatologic literature under the names of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, balanitis xerotica obliterans, and kraurosis vulvae, is an inflammatory disease with a multifactorial origin. A past association of lichen sclerosus and genital squamous cell carcinoma is not as close as once thought. Once considered primarily a surgical problem, especially when the genitals were involved, lichen sclerosus will respond to a variety of systemic and topical therapies.
硬化性苔藓通常以硬化萎缩性苔藓、闭塞性干燥性龟头炎和外阴干枯症的名称出现在皮肤科文献中，是一种多因素起源的炎症性疾病。过去认为硬化性苔藓与生殖器鳞状细胞癌之间的关联并不像曾经认为的那么紧密。硬化性苔藓曾经主要被视为一个外科问题，尤其是当生殖器受累时，现在它对多种全身和局部治疗都有反应。
