Wood N, Cowan N
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1995 Jan;21(1):255-60. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.21.1.255.
N. Moray's (1959) well-known study of the "cocktail party phenomenon" suggested that participants sometimes notice their name embedded in an ignored auditory channel. However, the empirical finding was preliminary in nature and never has been directly replicated. This was done with improved methodological controls, and the relationship between on-line attention shifts to one's name and subsequent recollection of the name in a sample of 34 undergraduates was examined. Similar to N. Moray, only 34.6% of the participants recalled hearing their name in the channel to be ignored. Only those participants showed on-line evidence of attention shifts, and those shifts occurred only for the two items following the name. The results suggest that participants who detected their name monitored the irrelevant channel for a short time afterward.
N. 莫里（1959年）对“鸡尾酒会现象”的著名研究表明，参与者有时会注意到自己的名字嵌入在一个被忽略的听觉通道中。然而，这一实证发现本质上是初步的，从未被直接复制过。本研究采用了改进的方法控制，并在34名本科生样本中考察了在线注意力转向自己名字与随后对该名字的回忆之间的关系。与N. 莫里的研究相似，只有34.6%的参与者回忆起在要被忽略的通道中听到了自己的名字。只有那些参与者表现出在线注意力转移的证据，而且这些转移只发生在名字之后的两个项目上。结果表明，检测到自己名字的参与者在之后短时间内监控了无关通道。
