Cramer D
Department of Social Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK.
Br J Med Psychol. 1994 Dec;67(4):333-42. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1994.tb01801.x.
The temporal relationship between psychological distress and Neuroticism, both measured at two points eight months apart, was examined in a representative sample of 225 adult residents in Canberra, using cross-lagged panel correlation and latent variable LISREL analysis. Psychological distress was assessed by the 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30). Because the synchronous and autocorrelations differed significantly, the interpretation of the significant difference between the cross-lagged correlations was problematic. The cross-lagged path coefficients in the LISREL models were not significantly positive, suggesting that the temporal relationship between these two variables was spurious and due to error variance. The test-retest correlation was significantly higher for Neuroticism than for the GHQ-30, implying that Neuroticism is more a measure of a relatively stable personality characteristic and the GHQ-30 more one of transient psychological distress.
在堪培拉225名成年居民的代表性样本中，运用交叉滞后组相关分析和潜在变量LISREL分析，研究了间隔八个月的两个时间点所测量的心理困扰与神经质之间的时间关系。心理困扰通过30项一般健康问卷（GHQ - 30）进行评估。由于同步相关性和自相关性存在显著差异，交叉滞后相关性之间显著差异的解释存在问题。LISREL模型中的交叉滞后路径系数并非显著为正，这表明这两个变量之间的时间关系是虚假的，且是由误差方差导致的。重测相关性方面，神经质显著高于GHQ - 30，这意味着神经质更多地是对相对稳定的人格特征的一种度量，而GHQ - 30更多地是对短暂心理困扰的一种度量。
