Gutierres S E, Russo N F, Urbanski L
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, ASU West, Phoenix 85069-7100.
Int J Addict. 1994 Dec;29(14):1761-86. doi: 10.3109/10826089409128256.
Use of alcohol and other drugs has been acknowledged as a serious problem among American Indian populations. This study was designed to 1) compare female and male American Indian substance users in residential treatment on psychological (self-esteem, depression, attributional style) and sociocultural (demographics, personal drug use history, family history, acculturation) variables, and 2) examine relationships of the psychological and sociocultural variables with program completion. Results showed that females experienced more family dysfunction (family members misuse of substances, and emotional, physical, and sexual abuse) than males. Both females and males showed positive change on the psychological measures from treatment entry to treatment completion. The factors predicting dropout before program completion were divorce, use of cocaine and depressants, and living in foster care as a child. Implications for prevention, intervention, and training of treatment service providers are discussed.
酒精和其他药物的使用在美国印第安人群体中已被公认为是一个严重问题。本研究旨在：1）比较接受住院治疗的美国印第安药物使用者中女性和男性在心理（自尊、抑郁、归因方式）和社会文化（人口统计学、个人吸毒史、家族史、文化适应）变量方面的情况；2）研究心理和社会文化变量与项目完成情况之间的关系。结果显示，女性比男性经历了更多的家庭功能失调（家庭成员滥用药物、情感、身体和性虐待）。从治疗开始到治疗结束，女性和男性在心理测量指标上均呈现出积极变化。预测项目完成前退出的因素包括离婚、使用可卡因和镇静剂以及童年时生活在寄养家庭。文中还讨论了对预防、干预以及治疗服务提供者培训的启示。
