Hsiang Y N, Crespo M T, Kao J, To E, Machan L S, Todd M E
Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
J Invest Surg. 1994 Nov-Dec;7(6):541-50. doi: 10.3109/08941939409015371.
The Yucatan miniswine has been recommended as an animal model of advanced atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic plaques developed in this model demonstrate foam cells, widespread fibrosis, and calcification, features suggestive of human atherosclerosis. We have observed the occurrence of intraluminal projections that appear peculiar to this animal model. Forty-three miniswine, weighing between 20 and 30 kg, were rendered atherosclerotic with a combination of balloon endothelial injury of the aortoiliac segments and dietary supplementation with 2% cholesterol and 15% lard. Endothelial injury was created by retrograde balloon catheter injury of the aorta and both external iliac arteries via cutdowns on the femoral arteries. Serum cholesterol prior to starting the diet and at 1, 2, and 6 weeks following initiation of the diet was 2.0 +/- 0.4, 11.6 +/- 4.0, 15.9 +/- 5.0, and 16.4 +/- 4.2 mM, respectively (p < .0001, ANOVA). Angiographically significant lesions were apparent in 33 of 37 (89%) animals (occlusion 20/37, stenosis 17/37) at 6 weeks postinjury. In three of six (50%) animals followed up to 16 weeks postinjury, trabecular areas were seen in the external iliac arteries on angiography. Light and electron microscopy demonstrated that these areas were covered with normal endothelium and projected into the lumen or bridged with the adjacent arterial wall. Foam cells and calcification were not seen in these lesions. This finding is not typical of human atherosclerosis and appears peculiar to this type of animal model.
尤卡坦小型猪已被推荐作为晚期动脉粥样硬化的动物模型。在该模型中形成的动脉粥样硬化斑块显示出泡沫细胞、广泛的纤维化和钙化，这些特征提示了人类动脉粥样硬化。我们观察到在这个动物模型中出现了管腔内突出物，这种突出物看起来很独特。43只体重在20至30千克之间的小型猪，通过对主动脉髂段进行球囊内皮损伤并在饮食中补充2%胆固醇和15%猪油的方法使其发生动脉粥样硬化。通过经股动脉切开逆行球囊导管损伤主动脉和双侧髂外动脉来造成内皮损伤。开始饮食前以及饮食开始后1周、2周和6周时的血清胆固醇分别为2.0±0.4、11.6±4.0、15.9±5.0和16.4±4.2毫摩尔/升（方差分析，p<0.0001）。损伤后6周，37只动物中有33只（89%）出现了血管造影上有意义的病变（闭塞20/37，狭窄17/37）。在6只随访至损伤后16周的动物中，有3只（50%）在血管造影中可见髂外动脉有小梁区域。光镜和电镜显示这些区域覆盖有正常内皮，向管腔内突出或与相邻动脉壁相连。在这些病变中未见到泡沫细胞和钙化。这一发现并非人类动脉粥样硬化的典型表现，似乎是这种动物模型所特有的。
