Romano A G, Harvey J A
Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute, Philadelphia 19129.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1994 Feb;47(2):289-93. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(94)90012-4.
The rate of associative learning was assessed in the presence of saline versus methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) at doses of 0.95, 1.9, and 3.8 mg/kg. The conditioned stimuli (CSs) were lights and tones and the unconditioned stimulus (US) was a corneal air puff. Learning was enhanced by all but the highest dose of drug tested, and the enhancement was most pronounced when light was used as the conditioned stimulus. Nonassociative responding was assessed using unpaired presentations of the lights, tones, and air puffs. MDMA (1.9 mg/kg) produced a slight increase in the percentage of baseline responses but failed to produce an increase in the frequency of nonassociative responding in the presence of the lights or tones. MDMA produced a significant increase in the amplitude of the unconditioned response to the corneal air puff across the 10 sessions. This increase was taken as evidence for sensitization of the unconditioned response, a nonassociative learning phenomenon. In summary, MDMA, like the parent compound methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), enhances both conditioned and unconditioned responding. Because this dual effect has not been seen with related psychedelic compounds, the effect appears to be unique to this class of phenylethylamine drugs.
在存在生理盐水与剂量为0.95、1.9和3.8mg/kg的亚甲基二氧甲基苯丙胺（摇头丸）的情况下，评估了联想学习的速率。条件刺激（CSs）为灯光和音调，非条件刺激（US）为角膜吹气。除了测试的最高剂量药物外，所有剂量的药物都增强了学习，并且当使用灯光作为条件刺激时，这种增强最为明显。使用灯光、音调和气吹的非配对呈现来评估非联想反应。摇头丸（1.9mg/kg）使基线反应的百分比略有增加，但在存在灯光或音调的情况下，未能使非联想反应的频率增加。在10个实验环节中，摇头丸使对角膜吹气的非条件反应的幅度显著增加。这种增加被视为非条件反应敏化的证据，这是一种非联想学习现象。总之，摇头丸与母体化合物亚甲基二氧苯丙胺（MDA）一样，增强了条件反应和非条件反应。由于相关的迷幻化合物没有出现这种双重效应，这种效应似乎是这类苯乙胺药物所特有的。
