Mikaelian I, Paillet I, Williams D
Centre de Soins pour Animaux Sauvages, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon, France.
Am J Vet Res. 1994 Feb;55(2):270-2.
The mydriatic effect of 3 curare-like neuromuscular blocking agents was tested in European kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) after topical application. Alcuronium chloride (5 mg/ml) was found to be effective at a dose of 1 drop (20 drops = 1 ml) administered twice at a 15-minute interval. Mydriasis was achieved at t = 26 +/- 11 minutes, maximal effect was reached at t = 60 +/- 39 minutes, and sufficient mydriasis ended at t = 364 +/- 134 minutes. Nevertheless, side effects, including temporary full paralysis in 1 bird, indicated that this drug should not be used. Pancuronium bromide (2 mg/ml) had an inconsistent effect on each bird at a dose of 2 drops administered twice at 15-minute intervals, and total mydriasis was not reached in 5 of 8 birds. Mydriasis was achieved at t = 34 +/- 11 minutes, maximal effect was reduced and reached at t = 43 +/- 13 minutes, and sufficient mydriasis ended at t = 90 +/- 39 minutes. Vecuronium bromide (4 mg/ml) was administered at a dose of 2 drops, 3 times, at 15-minute intervals. Mydriasis was achieved at t = 23 +/- 8 minutes, maximal effect was reached at t = 65 +/- 12 minutes, and sufficient mydriasis ended at t = 253 +/- 65 minutes. Side effects were not detected. Vecuronium bromide should be used in raptorial birds whenever retinal examination requires fundoscopy.
对3种箭毒样神经肌肉阻滞剂进行局部应用后，测试了它们对欧洲红隼（矛隼）的散瞳效果。发现氯化阿库氯铵（5毫克/毫升）以1滴（20滴 = 1毫升）的剂量，每隔15分钟给药两次时有效。在t = （26 ± 11）分钟时出现散瞳，在t = （60 ± 39）分钟时达到最大效果，充分散瞳在t = （364 ± 134）分钟时结束。然而，副作用包括1只鸟出现暂时完全麻痹，表明不应使用这种药物。泮库溴铵（2毫克/毫升）以2滴的剂量，每隔15分钟给药两次，对每只鸟的效果不一致，8只鸟中有5只未达到完全散瞳。在t = （34 ± 11）分钟时出现散瞳，最大效果降低并在t = （43 ± 13）分钟时达到，充分散瞳在t = （90 ± 39）分钟时结束。维库溴铵（4毫克/毫升）以2滴的剂量，每隔15分钟给药3次。在t = （23 ± 8）分钟时出现散瞳，在t = （65 ± 12）分钟时达到最大效果，充分散瞳在t = （253 ± 65）分钟时结束。未检测到副作用。每当视网膜检查需要眼底镜检查时，应在猛禽中使用维库溴铵。
