游泳池氯化消毒：对健康有害吗？

Swimming pool chlorination: a health hazard?

作者信息

Aiking H, van Acker M B, Scholten R J, Feenstra J F, Valkenburg H A

机构信息

Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Toxicol Lett. 1994 Jun;72(1-3):375-80. doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(94)90051-5.

DOI:10.1016/0378-4274(94)90051-5

PMID:7911264

Abstract

A pilot study addressed potential effects of long-term exposure to chlorination products in swimming pools. The indicator compound chloroform was detectable in blood from competitive swimmers in an indoor pool (mean = 0.89 +/- 0.34 microgram/l; n = 10), but not in outdoor pool swimmers. No hepatotoxic effect was indicated by serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) enzyme levels. beta-2-microglobulin, an indicator of renal damage, was significantly elevated in urine samples of the slightly, but significantly, younger indoor swimmers. The precise ratio between these 2 possible causes, age and chloroform exposure, as well as the mechanism of the former, remain to be elucidated.

摘要

一项初步研究探讨了长期接触游泳池氯化产物的潜在影响。在室内游泳池的竞技游泳者血液中可检测到指示性化合物氯仿（平均值 = 0.89 ± 0.34微克/升；n = 10），但在室外游泳池游泳者中未检测到。血清谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶（SGOT）、血清谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶（SGPT）或γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（γ-GT）酶水平未显示出肝毒性作用。β-2-微球蛋白是肾损伤的一个指标，在年龄稍小但有显著差异的室内游泳者的尿液样本中显著升高。这两种可能原因（年龄和氯仿接触）之间的确切比例以及前者的机制仍有待阐明。