Halinen M O, Jaussi A
Accident and Emergency Department, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland.
Eur Heart J. 1994 Jul;15(7):888-94. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060606.
We investigated the incidence of fatal traffic accidents caused by sudden incapacity of the driver due to cardiac and other illnesses. The retrospective analysis was gleaned from Finnish traffic accident data files from 1984-1989, and police records of traffic accidents, from Canton de Vaud, Switzerland from 1986-1989. The annual rates of all traffic fatalities per million inhabitants were 125 in Finland and 212 in Vaud. Sudden driver incapacity due to acute illness caused 1.8 and 7.3 automobile driver deaths annually per million inhabitants in Finland and in Vaud, respectively. The corresponding rates for all-cause traffic deaths were 326 and 423, for driver deaths 105 and 167, and for those due to driver incapacity 4.7 and 15.6. Sudden driver incapacity caused 1.5% of all traffic deaths in Finland, and 3.4% in Vaud. Probable cardiac arrest caused 2.1% of all drivers' deaths in Finland and 1.7% in Vaud, respectively. Deaths caused by professional drivers' sudden incapacity were responsible for 0.11% of all traffic deaths in Finland, and for 0% in Vaud. Old age and short mileage were associated with illness-caused accidents. Accidents caused by sudden incapacity of the driver are rare causes of traffic deaths and hard to foresee. While this report relates to all drivers, we suggest there should be individual risk stratification for professional drivers with heart disease. However, non-professional drivers who are elderly and who have symptomatic cardiac disease should limit their driving to short distances and at low speed.
我们调查了由心脏疾病和其他疾病导致驾驶员突然丧失能力而引发的致命交通事故的发生率。回顾性分析的数据来源于1984 - 1989年芬兰的交通事故数据文件，以及1986 - 1989年瑞士沃州的交通事故警方记录。芬兰每百万居民中所有交通死亡事故的年发生率为125起，沃州为212起。因急性疾病导致驾驶员突然丧失能力，在芬兰和沃州分别造成每百万居民每年1.8例和7.3例汽车驾驶员死亡。所有原因导致的交通死亡事故的相应发生率分别为326起和423起，驾驶员死亡事故的发生率分别为105起和167起，因驾驶员丧失能力导致的事故发生率分别为4.7起和15.6起。驾驶员突然丧失能力导致的死亡事故在芬兰占所有交通死亡事故的1.5%，在沃州占3.4%。可能的心脏骤停分别导致芬兰所有驾驶员死亡事故的2.1%和沃州的1.7%。职业驾驶员突然丧失能力导致的死亡事故在芬兰占所有交通死亡事故的0.11%，在沃州占0%。高龄和低里程与因病引发的事故有关。驾驶员突然丧失能力引发的事故是交通死亡事故的罕见原因且难以预见。虽然本报告涉及所有驾驶员，但我们建议应对患有心脏病的职业驾驶员进行个体风险分层。然而，患有症状性心脏病的老年非职业驾驶员应将驾驶限制在短距离和低速行驶。
