Ohira H
Faculty of Letters, Tokai Women's College, Gifu.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 1994 Jun;65(2):138-43. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.65.138.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of the physiological arousal and the prior subconscious processing of hostility-related words upon the cognitive complexity in person perception. First, sixteen male and 16 female college students performed a cognitive task in which they processed hostility-related words or neutral words unconsciously in a high arousal or a normal arousal state. In the second ostensibly unrelated task, the subjects were presented with an ambiguous description of target person's mild hostile behavior and they were asked to rate the impression of the target person on several SD-trait scales. It was found that the higher the subjects' arousal level was, the simpler the cognitive complexity became. Also, when the subjects processed neutral words in the high arousal state, individual differences of the impression were the largest. The effects of hostility-related words to decrease the individual differences in the high arousal state, however, were not found. These results indicate that physiological arousal may have an important role in the mechanisms of social cognition.
本研究的目的是考察生理唤醒以及对与敌意相关词汇的先前潜意识加工对人物感知中认知复杂性的影响。首先，16名男性和16名女性大学生执行一项认知任务，在高唤醒或正常唤醒状态下，他们无意识地加工与敌意相关的词汇或中性词汇。在第二个表面上不相关的任务中，向受试者呈现对目标人物轻微敌意行为的模糊描述，并要求他们在几个语义差别特质量表上对目标人物的印象进行评分。结果发现，受试者的唤醒水平越高，认知复杂性就越简单。此外，当受试者在高唤醒状态下加工中性词汇时，印象的个体差异最大。然而，未发现与敌意相关的词汇在高唤醒状态下减少个体差异的作用。这些结果表明，生理唤醒可能在社会认知机制中发挥重要作用。
