Boudra H, Le Bars J, Le Bars P, Dupuy J
Station de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Toulouse, France.
Mycopathologia. 1994 Jul;127(1):29-33. doi: 10.1007/BF01104008.
Figs in an orchard were inoculated with an aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strain in two ways by spore injection or by dusting at three maturation stages: firm ripe, shrivelled, and dried. Fruits were individually examined for fungal development and analyzed for aflatoxin B1 (AF B1) after 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days. Fruit injected at the first stage showed fungal development and AF B1 contamination within two days. The toxin level increased sharply to 1 ppm after 10 days. The mean level of AF B1 (284.75 ng/g) was significantly higher than those observed in other conditions. Figs dusted at the first stage showed only a tiny fungal growth even after 10 days. AF B1 appeared after 6 days with a low frequency (35%), mean level (7.6 ng/g) and a great variation among figs (0.22-15 ng/g). Among fruits inoculated during the shrivelled fig and dried fruit stages, no fungal growth was observed and AF B1 was detected with a lower incidence in association with low mean levels (less than 1.25 ng/g). Methods of prevention of aflatoxin contamination at the critical step, the firm ripe stage, are discussed.
果园中的无花果在三个成熟阶段（硬熟、干瘪和干燥）通过孢子注射或撒粉两种方式接种产黄曲霉毒素的黄曲霉菌株。在接种后的第2、4、6、8和10天，分别对果实进行真菌生长检查并分析黄曲霉毒素B1（AF B1）含量。在第一阶段接种的果实两天内就出现了真菌生长和AF B1污染。10天后毒素水平急剧上升至1 ppm。AF B1的平均含量（284.75 ng/g）显著高于其他条件下观察到的含量。在第一阶段撒粉接种的无花果即使在10天后也仅显示出微小的真菌生长。AF B1在6天后出现，频率较低（35%），平均含量（7.6 ng/g），且无花果之间差异很大（0.22 - 15 ng/g）。在干瘪无花果和干果阶段接种的果实中，未观察到真菌生长，AF B1的检出率较低，平均含量也较低（低于1.25 ng/g）。本文讨论了在关键阶段即硬熟期预防黄曲霉毒素污染的方法。
