Inklaar H
Medical Department, Royal Dutch Soccer Association, Zeist, The Netherlands.
Sports Med. 1994 Jul;18(1):55-73. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199418010-00006.
Studies on the incidence of soccer injuries have produced a variety of sometimes conflicting results. This may be explained by differences in the definition of soccer injury and the methods of data collection being used, and by selection mechanisms in the study populations. The incidence of injuries, therefore, depends on the population being studied. High risk groups exist with respect to age, gender and level of competition. Competition produces a higher risk of injury than practice, even when corrections for exposure time are made. The range of results of studies concerning different aspects of the severity of injuries may also be well explained by differences in the definition of injury, research methodology and selection with respect to age, gender, level of play and sociocultural background. In countries where soccer is very popular, the healthcare and social security systems are taxed considerably. On the other hand, soccer injuries appear to be no more serious than injuries resulting from other sports activities. A general conclusion is that the epidemiological information of the sport medical aspects of soccer injuries is inconsistent and far from complete. More research is needed to identify high risk groups and independent predictor variables of injury within those subgroups. Preferably, such studies should include uniform definitions of injury and should be based on sound epidemiological methodological principles.
关于足球运动损伤发生率的研究得出了各种有时相互矛盾的结果。这可能是由于足球损伤定义的差异、所使用的数据收集方法以及研究人群中的选择机制所致。因此，损伤发生率取决于所研究的人群。在年龄、性别和比赛水平方面存在高风险群体。即使对暴露时间进行了校正，比赛比训练产生的损伤风险更高。关于损伤严重程度不同方面的研究结果范围，也可以很好地通过损伤定义、研究方法以及在年龄、性别、比赛水平和社会文化背景方面的选择差异来解释。在足球非常流行的国家，医疗保健和社会保障系统承受着相当大的压力。另一方面，足球损伤似乎并不比其他体育活动造成的损伤更严重。一个普遍的结论是，足球损伤运动医学方面的流行病学信息不一致且远未完整。需要更多的研究来确定高风险群体以及这些亚组内损伤的独立预测变量。最好，此类研究应包括统一的损伤定义，并应基于合理的流行病学方法原则。
