Duncan M E, Tibaux G, Pelzer A, Mehari L, Peutherer J, Young H, Jamil Y, Darougar S, Piot P, Roggen E
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
Soc Sci Med. 1994 Aug;39(3):323-33. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)90128-7.
The aim of this paper was to compare women involved in prostitution with a group of women still married to their first husband and reporting having had only one sexual partner, in order to ascertain what factors if any contributed to women going into prostitution or staying still married to their first husband, their only sexual partner, and thereafter to compare clinical and serological aspects of the gynaecological conditions of the women in these two groups. The role of prostitutes in transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) is widely recognised. Socioeconomic factors determining whether a woman will drift into prostitution or have a stable first marriage are largely unknown as are prevalence rates of STD, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and cervical cancer in these women. A socioeconomic, clinical and serologic study is reported for 2111 Ethiopian women attending teaching hospitals and maternal and child health clinics in Addis Ababa, analysing basic demographic data of three groups of women: (i) 278 engaged in prostitution, (ii) 730 still married to their one and only sexual partner, and (iii) 1103 single, widowed, divorced or married to their second or subsequent partner. Thereafter groups (i) and (ii) were compared and contrasted with regard to further socioeconomic, clinical and serological associations. The most significant socioeconomic associations for women in prostitution were low income (95% had < 50 Ethiopian birr [< U.S. $25] per month), ethnic group, and the timing of first coitus in relation to the menarche (81% were first married by age 15), in that order. Women still married to their first sexual partner had higher income, higher age at first marriage and longer duration of marriage. Sero-prevalence rates of STD in prostitutes were high: gonorrhoea 88%, genital chlamydiae 78%, syphilis (TPHA) 62%, HSV2 and HBV 46%, and chancroid 19%: 67% had PID and 2.9% cervical cancer. In comparison, rates for women married to their first and only sexual partner were: gonorrhoea 40%, genital chlamydiae 54%, syphilis (TPHA) 19%, HSV2 33%, HBV 35%, chancroid 13%, PID 47% and cervical cancer 1%. While the very high prevalence of STD in women involved in prostitution is not so unexpected, the high rate of STD in women still married to their first and only sexual partner is indicative of male promiscuity. Control of prostitution and diseases spread by it, together with education of both men and women is a national priority.
本文旨在将从事卖淫活动的女性与一组仍然与首任丈夫保持婚姻关系且称只有一个性伴侣的女性进行比较，以确定是否有任何因素促使女性从事卖淫活动或仍然与首任丈夫（她们唯一的性伴侣）保持婚姻关系，进而比较这两组女性妇科疾病的临床和血清学方面。妓女在性传播疾病（STD）传播中的作用已得到广泛认可。决定女性是会沦为妓女还是拥有稳定的首次婚姻的社会经济因素，以及这些女性中性传播疾病、盆腔炎（PID）和宫颈癌的患病率，在很大程度上尚不清楚。本文报告了一项针对2111名在亚的斯亚贝巴教学医院及母婴健康诊所就诊的埃塞俄比亚女性的社会经济、临床和血清学研究，分析了三组女性的基本人口统计学数据：（i）278名从事卖淫活动的女性，（ii）730名仍然与唯一的性伴侣保持婚姻关系的女性，以及（iii）1103名单身、丧偶、离异或与第二任或后续伴侣结婚的女性。此后，对第（i）组和第（ii）组在进一步的社会经济、临床和血清学关联方面进行了比较和对比。从事卖淫活动的女性最显著的社会经济关联因素依次为低收入（95%的人每月收入低于50埃塞俄比亚比尔[<25美元]）、种族群体以及初潮后首次性交的时间（81%的人在15岁前首次结婚）。仍然与首任性伴侣保持婚姻关系的女性收入更高、初婚年龄更大且婚姻持续时间更长。妓女中性传播疾病的血清学患病率很高：淋病88%、生殖衣原体78%、梅毒（TPHA）62%、HSV2和HBV 46%、软下疳19%；67%的人患有盆腔炎，2.9%的人患有宫颈癌。相比之下，与唯一的首任性伴侣结婚的女性的患病率为：淋病40%、生殖衣原体54%、梅毒（TPHA）19%、HSV2 33%、HBV 35%、软下疳13%、盆腔炎47%、宫颈癌1%。虽然从事卖淫活动的女性中性传播疾病的高患病率并不那么出人意料，但仍然与唯一的首任性伴侣保持婚姻关系的女性中性传播疾病的高患病率表明男性存在滥交行为。控制卖淫活动及其传播的疾病，同时对男性和女性进行教育，是国家的一项优先事项。
