The effect of varicocele ligation on oocyte fertilization and pregnancy after failure of fertilization in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.

Although varicocelectomy is generally believed to improve semen quality and the hamster egg penetration assay, these parameters do not correlate well with in vitro fertilization (IVF) success. The effect of varicocelectomy on IVF of human oocytes was examined on thirteen couples with normal female fertility, but severe oligozoospermia and the presence varicocele in the males with failure of fertilization preoperatively in in vitro fertilization-embryo of transfer (IVF-ET) attempts. The couples were readmitted for the IVF-ET procedure following varicocelectomy. A 31% pregnancy rate was achieved after the operation, while no pregnancies occurred before surgery. Sperm density and motility improved significantly after operation, resulting in a coinciding improved fertilization and pregnancy rates.