Battagel J M
Department of Child Dental Health, London Hospital Medical College Dental School.
Br J Orthod. 1994 Aug;21(3):245-57. doi: 10.1179/bjo.21.3.245.
This study compares and contrasts the longitudinal differences in facial development between 18 male and 22 female subjects, employing the technique of tensor analysis. Children were examined in two age ranges: prepubertal (aged 7-10 years) and post-pubertal (15-20 years of age). Both the changes over time and the differences in amount and direction of growth between the sexes were subjected to statistical analysis. A tensor analysis permits the computation of differences in form (that is in size and shape) without specifically measuring either. Mean values for 21 hard and soft tissue landmarks were determined for both males and females at each age. Customized computer software allowed examination of the growth changes between 32 selected groups of points. Results indicated that the tensor analysis reinforced and supplemented the more conventional descriptions of facial growth. Females grew a smaller amount over the period examined than their male peers and development was in a relatively more vertical direction. These differences in growth between the sexes were highly statistically significant.
本研究采用张量分析技术，比较并对比了18名男性和22名女性受试者面部发育的纵向差异。对儿童在两个年龄范围进行检查：青春期前（7至10岁）和青春期后（15至20岁）。对随时间的变化以及两性之间生长量和生长方向的差异进行了统计分析。张量分析允许在不具体测量大小和形状的情况下计算形态差异（即大小和形状）。确定了每个年龄男性和女性21个硬组织和软组织标志点的平均值。定制的计算机软件允许检查32个选定的点组之间的生长变化。结果表明，张量分析加强并补充了对面部生长的更传统描述。在研究期间，女性的生长量比同龄男性小，且发育方向相对更垂直。两性之间的这些生长差异具有高度统计学意义。
