Miyazaki M, Naemura M
Planning Division, Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation Department, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan.
Int J STD AIDS. 1994 Jul-Aug;5(4):273-8. doi: 10.1177/095646249400500409.
The first case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Japan was diagnosed in a homosexual male in 1985. The Ministry of Health and Welfare formed the AIDS Surveillance Committee, which published HIV seropositive and AIDS data at 2-month intervals. Excluding persons infected through blood products there were 971 HIV seropositives by April 1993, and 204 reported cases of AIDS. One of the epidemiological characteristics of HIV infection and AIDS in Japan is the rapid increase of cases of transmission through heterosexual contact since 1991. Before this, homosexual transmission was the commonest reported mode of transmission. Sporadic cases of mother-to-child transmission and some cases due to injecting drug use were also reported. It is predicted that heterosexual contact will be the primary mode of transmission of HIV in the future. Virtually all the diagnosed AIDS cases so far have been reported to this surveillance network, and it will be an important task of the network to monitor the HIV seropositive cases.
1985年，日本首例人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）在一名男性同性恋者身上被确诊。厚生省成立了艾滋病监测委员会，该委员会每两个月公布一次HIV血清阳性和艾滋病数据。截至1993年4月，排除因血液制品感染的人员，共有971例HIV血清阳性者，报告了204例艾滋病病例。日本HIV感染和艾滋病的流行病学特征之一是自1991年以来异性接触传播病例迅速增加。在此之前，同性恋传播是报告的最常见传播方式。也报告了母婴传播的散发病例以及一些因注射吸毒导致的病例。预计未来异性接触将成为HIV的主要传播方式。到目前为止，几乎所有确诊的艾滋病病例都已报告给这个监测网络，监测HIV血清阳性病例将是该网络的一项重要任务。
