Spatially and temporally regulated expression of the MADS-box gene AGL2 in wild-type and mutant arabidopsis flowers.

AGL2 is one of several Arabidopsis floral MADS-box genes that were isolated based on sequence similarity to the homeotic gene AGAMOUS. To investigate its possible role in flower development, we have characterized in detail the expression pattern of AGL2 in both wild-type and mutant flowers using RNA in situ hybridization. We find that AGL2 is floral-specific; it is not expressed in the inflorescence meristem. Within the floral meristem, AGL2 is first expressed very early in development, after the floral meristem has emerged from the inflorescence meristem but before any of the organ primordia emerge. The AGL2 transcript is very abundant and uniform throughout the floral meristem and in the primordia of all four floral organs: sepals, petals, stamens and carpels. Thus, AGL2 represents a new class of MADS-box genes which is expressed in all four whorls of the flower. The AGL2 transcript remains abundant in each organ during morphological differentiation, but diminishes as each organ undergoes the final maturation phase of development. AGL2 expression is high in developing ovules and, after fertilization, in developing embryos and seed coats, abating as seeds mature. In the floral organ identity mutants ag-1, ap3-3 and ap2-2, the AGL2 expression pattern is organ- and stage-dependent. These results indicate that AGL2 may play a fundamental role in the development of all floral organs, and of seeds and embryos, and that AGL2 ultimately depends upon the organ identity genes for proper expression.